بررسی عملکرد رزین‌های تانن پایه در مقایسه با رزین ملامین فرمالدئید در بهبود ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و مکانیکی چوب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 پژوهشکدۀ حفاظت و مرمت آثار تاریخی-فرهنگی، پژوهشگاه میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jfwp.2024.368424.1268

چکیده

عملکرد رزین­ های تانن عاری از فرمالدهید و تانن-رزورسینول-فرمالدهید در مقایسه با رزین ملامین فرمالدهید به‌منظور اصلاح ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و مکانیکی چوب بلوط بلندمازو (Quercus castaneifolia) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. رزین ملامین فرمالدهید تا غلظت 25 درصد رقیق شد و متعاقباً از 5 درصد کاربامید برای کاهش ویسکوزیته آن استفاده شد. محلول آبی 30 درصد تانن متراکم به‌همراه محلول 33 درصد هیدروکسید سدیم و 6 درصد هگزامین (بر مبنای وزن خشک تانن) نیز برای تهیة رزین تانن عاری از فرمالدهید در محدودة pH 10 مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. رزین تانن-رزورسینول-فرمالدهید نیز در pH برابر با 8 سنتز شد. پس از اشباع نمونه­ های چوبی با فرآیند سلول خالی و خشک کردن آن­ها با یک برنامة رطوبت پایه، گیرائی رزین در آون در دمای 2±103 درجة سانتی‌گراد به‌مدت 48 ساعت و سپس در دمای 120 درجة سانتی‌گراد به‌مدت 4 ساعت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اصلاح چوب با هر سه نوع رزین منجر به کاهش رطوبت تعادل، بهبود پایداری ابعاد و آب‌گریزی سطح می ­شود ولی بر سختی و مدول الاستیسیته آن تأثیر معنی­ داری ندارد. درصد افزایش وزن چوب پس از اصلاح با رزین ملامین فرمالدهید (23/8 درصد) تقریباً دو برابر مقدار آن در چوب اصلاح شده با رزین­ های تانن­ پایه بود. رزین ملامین فرمالدهید عملکرد مطلوب­تری در مقایسه با رزین­ های تانن ­پایه داشت، ضمن اینکه شدت تغییر رنگ چوب پس از اصلاح نیز کمتر بود. فرآیند اصلاح با رزین تانن-رزورسینول-فرمالدهید در مقایسه با رزین تانن عاری از فرمالدهید در بهبود ویژگی ­ها، با موفقیت بیشتری همراه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The performance of tannin-based resins in comparison with melamine-formaldehyde resin for improving the physical and mechanical properties of wood

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadijeh Delavaryan Abbas Abadi 1
  • Asghar Tarmian 1
  • Reza Oladi 1
  • Gholam Reza Rahmani 2
1 Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Institute of Conservation and Restoration of Historical-Cultural Artifacts, Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The performance of formaldehyde-free tannin and tannin-resorcinol-formaldehyde resins was investigated in comparison with melamine-formaldehyde resin to improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of oak wood. Melamine-formaldehyde resin was diluted to a concentration of 25% and then 5% carbamide was added to reduce its viscosity. For the synthesis of formaldehyde-free tannin resin, condensed tannin powder with a concentration of 30% in distilled water was used, and the pH was adjusted to the range of 10 using a 33% solution of sodium hydroxide in water. Tannin-resorcinol-formaldehyde resin was also synthesized at pH 8. After impregnation of the wood samples using the empty cell process and drying them with a moisture-based schedule, the resins were cured in an oven at a temperature of 103 ± 2°C for 48 hours and then at a temperature of 120°C for 4 hours. The results showed that modifying wood with all three types of resin leads to a decrease in equilibrium moisture content, improvement in dimensional stability, and surface water repellency. However, it does not have a significant effect on the hardness and modulus of elasticity of the wood. The weight percent gain after modification with melamine-formaldehyde resin (23.8%) was almost twice its value for wood modified with tannin-based resins. Melamine-formaldehyde resin had a better performance in comparison with tannin-based resins, while the intensity of wood color change after modification was also less. The modification process with tannin-resorcinol-formaldehyde resin was more successful in improving the properties compared to formaldehyde-free tannin resin.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmentally friendly
  • Hardness
  • Modulus of elasticity
  • Water repellency
  • Wood modification

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 76، شماره 4
اسفند 1402
صفحه 379-392

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