بررسی تأثیر نوع جنگلکاری با گونه‌های مختلف بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد خاک‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران

2 دانشیار گروه خاک‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

3 استادیار، پژوهشکدۀ چای، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، لاهیجان

10.22059/jfwp.2022.335363.1198

چکیده

گیاهان نمک و عناصر خاک را از طریق ریشه‌های خود جذب و بخشی از آن را در برگ‌ها و اندام‌های هوایی خود ذخیره می‌کنند. این املاح در هنگام ریزش اندام‌های هوایی گیاه بر سطح خاک تجمع می‌یابند و خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند. این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر جنگلکاری گونه‌های مختلف بر خصوصیات خاک صورت گرفت. برای این منظور دو منطقۀ جنگلکاری‌شده با سوزنی‌برگان (ارس، کاج تدا، دارتالاب) و پهن‌برگان (سفید پلت‌، توسکای قشلاقی، بلوط بلندمازو) به‌صورت خالص و یک منطقۀ درختکاری‌نشده (شاهد) در مجاورت آن در ایستگاه تحقیقات نهال و بذر گونه‌های جنگلی شلمان شهرستان لنگرود انتخاب شد. تحقیق به‌صورت طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در هفت تیمار و سه تکرار انجام گرفت. هر نمونۀ خاک، از عمق 25-0 و 50-25 سانتی‌متر به‌صورت نمونۀ مرکب و با فاصلۀ 150 تا 50 سانتی‌متر از تنۀ درخت برداشت شد. برخی خصوصیات خاک شامل pH، EC، مادۀ آلی، نیتروژن کل، CEC، پایداری خاکدانه‌ها، بافت خاک و جرم مخصوص ظاهری و حقیقی اندازه‌گیری شد. بررسی‌ها نشان داد کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، EC، pH و CEC در سطح 1 درصد، و درصد رس و شن در سطح 5 درصد اختلاف معنی‌داری دارند؛ بلوط بلندمازو با 05/2 درصد در مقایسه با گونه‌های دیگر بیشترین و شاهد با 81/0 درصد کمترین مقدار مادۀ آلی را دارند و نوع پوشش گیاهی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر ذخیرۀ مادۀ آلی و کربن آلی در خاک دارد و از این طریق خصوصیات کیفی خاک را کنترل می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of plantation on organic matter and some soil properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zainab Aghajamali 1
  • Mahmoud Shabanpour 2
  • Akbar Forghani 2
  • Ehsan Kahneh 3
1 MSc., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran. I.R. Iran.
2 Assoc., Prof., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan. Rasht, I.R. Iran.
3 Assist. Prof., Tea Research Center, Hrticultural Science Research Institute, Lahijan, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

When aerial parts of the plants, capable of storing and absorbing mineral salts in their leaves, fall, these dissolved materials are transferred to the soil surface, changing its physical and chemical properties. Plants have special effects on their habitat and study of these effects can be useful in planning projects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different tree species on soil quality in 0-25 and 25-50 cm depths in Shalman poplar research station, Guilan province. The experimental design was as completely Randomized Block with seven treatments and three replicates. Two different plantations of hardwoods including Populus caspica, Alnus glutinosa, and Quercus castaneifolia) and softwoods (Taxidium disticum, Juniperus excelsa, Pinus taeda), and non-planted site as a control were selected. These sites have same physiography and parent material. Vegetation’s age is 37 years old. Totally 42 soil samples were taken from the distance 50-150 cm of three sites. Some soil properties including organic matter, total nitrogen, soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), C/N ratio, electrical conductivity (EC), mean weight diameter, texture, bulk density and particle density of soil sample were measured. the results showed that, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, CEC, EC, and C/N ratio (P<0.01) and percentage of clay and percentage of sand (p<0.05) were significantly different between the two plantations. The findings of this research indicate that the plantation has major impact on carbon sequestration and thereby controls quality indicators of soils. It is concluded that plantation could increase the soil quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical properties
  • Organic matter
  • Plantation
  • Physical properties

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 75، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 267-279

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