رابطۀ متغیرهای اقلیمی با غلظت عناصر شیمیایی چوب درختان سالم و زوال‌یافتۀ بلوط ایرانی در شهرستان خرم‌آباد (مطالعۀ موردی: دادآباد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

از میان فاکتورهای اقلیمی، عامل دما و بارش از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردارند و به‌صورت مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر جذب و انتقال مواد معدنی مؤثرند. به‌منظور بررسی ارتباط فاکتورهای اقلیمی و غلظت عناصر معدنی در دو گروه از درختان سالم و زوال‌یافتۀ بلوط ایرانی، سه اصله درخت سالم و سه اصله درخت زوال‌یافته در رویشگاه دادآباد خرم‌آباد، قطع و از هر پایه یک عدد دیسک تهیه شد. سپس حلقه‌های رویشی مربوط به 35 سال منتهی به سال قطع هر درخت به‌صورت سه قطعۀ پنج‌ساله و دو قطعۀ ده‌ساله برش داده شده و به روش هضم مرطوب عصاره‌گیری شدند. غلظت عناصر (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Na, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Si, Cr) با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتیجۀ مقایسۀ غلظت عناصر چوب درختان سالم و زوال‌یافته از نظر آماری معنی‌دار نبود و همبستگی پیرسون میان غلظت عناصر و دو فاکتور متوسط دما و بارندگی فصلی نشان داد؛ در درختان سالم، پتاسیم با بارندگی پاییز (931/0-) و منیزیم با بارندگی زمستان (959/0) و همچنین با دمای بهار (969/0-) و تابستان (967/0-) همبستگی معنی‌دار نشان دادند. در درختان زوال‌یافته، پتاسیم با دمای بهار (961/0-) و تابستان (949/0-)، کلسیم با بارندگی پاییز (953/0-)، سیلیسیم با بارندگی پاییز (968/0-) و سرب با بارندگی بهار (966/0) همبستگی معنی‌دار نشان دادند. ارتباطات متفاوت بین غلظت عناصر این دو گروه درختان با فاکتورهای اقلیمی را می‌توان نتیجۀ تفاوت‌های ژنتیکی و فیزیولوژیکی درختان، فیزیوگرافی محیط (به‌ویژه تنظیم نور و رژیم رطوبتی) و همچنین تفاوت در فیزیولوژی جذب عناصر دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relation between climatic variables and chemical elements concentration in healthy and declined wood Iranian oak trees in Khorramabad (Case Study: Dadabad)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmat Ostakh 1
  • Javad Soosani 2
  • ِِAli Abdolkhani 3
  • Hamed Naghavi 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Forestry Group, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, I.R. Iran
2 Assoc., Prof., Forestry Group, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, I.R. Iran
3 Assoc., Prof., Wood and Paper Science and Technology Group, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
4 Assist., Prof., Forestry Group, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Among climatic factors, temperature and precipitation are of two particular importance, which directly and indirectly affects the uptake and transport of minerals. In order to study the relationship between climatic variables and chemical element concentrations in two groups of healthy and declined Iranian oak trees, three healthy trees and three declined trees were cut in Dadabad habitat of Khorramabad. A disk was selected from each tree. Then, growth rings over the last 35 years were determined including three five-years and two 10-years pieces. The samples were cut and extracted by using the wet digestion method, and the concentration of different elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Na, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Si, Cr) was measured by using atomic absorption apparatus. The result showed that there was no significant difference between concentration elements of healthy and declined wood trees. The Pearson correlation between concentration elements and the average of seasonal temperature and rainfall was significant; in healthy trees, potassium with autumn rainfall (-0.931), magnesium with winter rainfall (0.959) as well as spring temperature (-0.969) and summer (-0.967) had significant correlations, and in declined trees, potassium with spring temperature (-0.961) and summer (-0.949), calcium with autumn (-0.953), silicon with autumn (-0.686) and lead with spring (0.966) temperatures had significant correlations. The difference between element concentrations of two groups of trees regrading climatic factors can be caused by the difference between genetics and physiological characteristics of trees, environmental physiography (especially light regulation and moisture regime), and physiology of uptake.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rainfall
  • Growth ring
  • Temperature
  • Zagros
  • Dendrochemistry
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