مطالعۀ ساختاری هشت نمونۀ مطالعاتی کاغذ از اسناد بقعۀ شیخ صفی‌الدین اردبیلی متعلق به موزۀ ملی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه مرمت آثار تاریخی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانش‌آموختۀ مقطع کارشناسی، گروه مرمت آثار تاریخی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

اسناد تاریخی بیانگر هویت و ارزش‌های ملی، مذهبی، هنری و تاریخی هر ملت است. شناخت عوامل سازندۀ کاغذ به شناخت فرهنگ‌های گذشته و تطور فنون مرتب بسیار کمک می‌کند. اسناد متعلق به بقعۀ شیخ صفی‌الدین اردبیلی از کهن‌ترین مجموعه اسناد شناخته‌شدۀ دورۀ اسلامی ایران است که با وجود ارزش‌های تاریخی منحصربه‌فرد، تا کنون تحقیقات و بررسی‌های آزمایشگاهی کاملی در حوزۀ شناخت فنی عوامل سازندۀ کاغذهای آن صورت نگرفته است. در این پژوهش به‌منظور شناسایی نوع الیاف، آهار، خمیر و نوع پرکنندۀ موجود در نمونه‌های مطالعاتی کاغذ از روش‌های شناسایی با معرف‌های رنگی، مشاهدات میکروسکوپ نوری به روش عبوری و میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی مجهز به طیف‌بینی پاشندۀ انرژی پرتو ایکس استفاده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در ساخت نمونه‌ها از الیاف کتان و کنف استفاده شده است و تنها در سه نمونه افزون‌بر الیاف گفته‌شده، الیاف رامی هم مشاهده شد. علاوه‌بر این، نتایج آزمون شناسایی خمیرکاغذ حاکی از آن است که خمیر به‌کاررفته در نمونه‌های بررسی‌شده از نوع کهنه پارچه است که به روش دست‌ساز (مکانیکی) تهیه شده‌اند. همچنین براساس آزمون شناسایی آهار مشخص شد که آهار موجود در نمونه‌ها از نوع پلی‌ساکاریدی (نشاسته) و پرکنندۀ موجود در نمونه‌ها از نوع کربنات کلسیم است که در دو نمونه، گچ و در یک نمونه، کائولن نیز تشخیص داده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural Study of Eight Study Samples of Sheikh Safiuddin Ardebili Tomb Paper Documents Belonging to the National Museum of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sogand naghavi 1
  • shirin roustaei 2
1 Lecturer, Department of Restoration of Objects, College of Art and Architecture, University of Zabol, Zabol, I.R. Iran
2 Graduated of Bachelor, College of Art and Architecture, University of Zabol, Zabol, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Historical documents represent the national, religious, and artistic values of each nation and are its historical identity. Understanding factors that make up a paper can help to identify past cultures and maintain true techniques. One of the oldest known collection of documents of the Islamic period of Iran is the Sheikh Safiuddin Ardebili monument's documents which despite its unique historical values, has not been thoroughly studied in terms of technical knowledge of its constituents. In this study, in order to identify the type of used fibers, liner, and filler in the paper, colorimetric identification, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy equipped with X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (SEM-XRD) were used. The results showed that flax and hemp fibers were used in the fabrication of the specimens and only in three specimens, the ramie fibers were observed. In addition, the results of the pulp identification indicated that the pulp used in the study samples was of an old fabric type that was made by hand. Based on the liner identification test, it was found that the liner in the samples was polysaccharide (starch) and the fillers in the samples were calcium carbonate, gypsum and kaolin.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sheikh Safiuddin Ardebili tomb paper documents
  • fiber
  • sizing
  • filler
  • paper
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