بررسی مقاومت گونه‌های مختلف درختی در مقابل صدمات بهره‌برداری (زخم تنه) (مطالعه موردی: سری یک ناو اسالم)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار سنجش از دور و بیومتری جنگل دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، ایران

2 استادیار مهندسی جنگل واحد خلخال دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خلخال، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق مقاومت شش گونة درختی در جنگل‌های سری یک ناو اسالم در مقابل صدمات بهره‌برداری (زخم تنه) پس از گذشت دوازده سال بررسی شد. وسعت و شدت خسارت واردآمده بر درختان باقی‌مانده، بلافاصله پس از اتمام عملیات بهره‌برداری، در سال 1380، از طریق نمونه‌برداری منظم تصادفی و پلات‌های دایره‌‌شکل 10 آری، جمع‌آوری شد. درختان صدمه‌دیده و وضعیت زخم‌ها در سال 1392دوباره بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد مقاومت درختان در برابر صدمات بهره‌برداری با گونه و قطر و اندازة زخم آن‌ها ارتباط دارد (01/0> P). گونة نم‌دار کمترین توانایی ترمیم زخم‌ را دارد؛ طوری که 9/76 درصد زخم‌ها به پوسیدگی و 7/7 درصد به نابودی منجر شد. بعد از نم‌دار، گونة راش بیشترین حساسیت را در مقابل زخم‌های صدمات بهره‌برداری دارد؛ طوری که بیشترین فراوانی زخم‌های باز بدون پوسیدگی با 8/28 درصد در این گونه مشاهده شد. توانایی ترمیم زخم در گونة ممرز بیشتر از سایر گونه‌هاست؛ طوری که 1/78 درصد زخم‌های حاصله از بهره‌برداری به طور کامل بسته شده بود. نتایج نشان داد 6/85 درصد زخم‌های کوچک‌تر از 25 سانتی‌متر مربع پس از دوازده سال ترمیم شدند. هیچ‌یک از زخم‌های بزرگ‌تر از 1001 سانتی‌متر مربع ترمیم نشدند. درختان با قطر برابر سینة کمتر از 20 سانتی‌متر کمترین و درختان با قطر برابر سینة 41 تا 60 سانتی‌متر بیشترین مقاومت را در برابر زخم‌های تنه داشتند. کاهش صدمات بهره‌برداری بر تودة باقی‌مانده در مدیریت تک‌گزینی به سازماندهی مناسب عملیات قطع و خروج چوب از جنگل نیاز دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on resistance of different tree species to logging wounds (Case Study: District 1 of Asalem-Nav forest)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Bonyad 1
  • Farzam Tavankar 2
1 Associate professor of remote sensing and biometry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Forest Sciences, Khalkhal Branch, Islamic Azad University
چکیده [English]

In this research resistance of six tree species to logging damages (bole wound) after 12 years were studied in district 1 of Asalem Nav forests. The data of extent and severity of damages on residual trees were collected immediately after logging operation from systematic sampling with circular 0.1 ha plots in the year of 2000. The damaged trees and wounds condition were reexamined in the year of 2012. The results of this study showed the resistance of trees to logging wounds is related to their specimen, diameter and wound size (P<0.01). The Lime tree (Tilia begonifolia) had the lowest ability to wound repairing, so 76.9% of wounds were lead to wood decay and 7.7% were lead to die of tree. The Beech tree (Fagus orientalis), after the Lime tree, had the highest sensitivity to logging damagei(9U7C_so the highest frequency of open wounds (28.8%) was observed in this species. The ability of wound repairing in Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) was higher than other species, so 78.1% of logging wounds absolutely were closed. The results showed that after 12 years 85.6% of wounds smaller than 25 cm2 in sizes were repaired. While, were not repaired any of bigger than 1001 cm2 in sizes wounds. The trees of < 20 cm in DBH had the minimum, but the trees of 41-60 cm in DBH had the maximum resistance to bole wounds. The reducing of logging damages on residual stand needs to adequate organization of felling and wood extraction operation in selection management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Asalem
  • bole wound
  • logging damage
  • Nav forest
  • single selection method

مراجع

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