تأثیر تیمار روغن گرمایی بر مقاومت به هوازدگی چوب صنوبر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

10.22059/jfwp.2024.371195.1279

چکیده

روش‌‌های مختلفی برای تیمار حرارتی چوب، توسعه یافته و تجاری‌سازی شده‌اند. در میان آنها تیمار روغن گرمایی روش منحصر به‌فردی است که محیط حرارت‌دهی خشک و عاری از اکسیژن را فراهم می‌کند. در این مطالعه، از یک روش نیمه‌صنعتی برای تیمار روغن گرمایی الوار چوب صنوبر در دماهای مختلف به‌منظور افزایش مقاومت به هوازدگی آن استفاده شد. الوارهای چوبی طی یک برنامة حرارت‌دهی معین در سه دمای هدف مختلف (180، 190 و 200 درجة سانتی‌گراد) با زمان ماند 2 ساعت تیمار شدند. سپس نمونه‌های آزمونی از آنها تهیه شده و در معرض 1000 ساعت هوازدگی تسریع شده با چرخ گاردنر قرار گرفتند. جذب آب و ‏واکشیدگی ابعاد نمونه‌ها نیز طی هفت روز غوطه‌وری در آب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.‏‎ ‎آزمون‌های اندازه‌گیری زاویة تماس قطرة آب، رنگ‌سنجی و آنالیز ‏ATR-FTIR‏ قبل و بعد از هوازدگی انجام شد. ‏نمونه‌های تیمار شده، همکشیدگی حجمی کمتری نسبت به نمونة شاهد داشتند و با افزایش دمای حرارت‌دهی بر کارایی ضد واکشیدگی افزود شد. میزان جذب آب نمونه‌های تیمار شده گرچه کمتر از نمونه شاهد بود اما تفاوتی بین تیمارهای مختلف مشاهده نشد. با آنکه قبل از هوازدگی، نمونه‌ها به‌دلیل تیمار روغن گرمایی با یکدیگر تفاوت‌ رنگی آشکاری داشتند اما ‏بعد از هوازدگی، رنگ سطح همة آنها به خاکستری تا نقره‌ای فام تغییر یافت. بیشترین میزان تغییرات رنگ مربوط به تیمار در دمای 200 درجة سانتی‌گراد بود. هوازدگی باعث افزایش ترشوندگی سطح نمونه‌ها شد، اما کماکان نمونه‌های تیمار شده زاویة تماس قطرة آب بالاتری نسبت به نمونة شاهد داشتند. نتایج ATR-FTIR نشان داد که تیمار روغن گرمایی روشی مؤثری برای حفاظت از لیگنین سطح چوب در معرض عوامل هوازدگی نمی‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of oil heat treatment on weathering resistance of poplar wood

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Haseli
  • Davood Efhamisisi
  • ِِAli Abdolkhani
  • Reza Oladi
Department of Wood and Paper Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Different methods have been developed for the heat treatment of wood. Oil heat treatment (OHT), as a unique method, can provide a dry and oxygen-free heating medium. This study used a pilot-scale oil heat treatment to treat poplar wood at different temperatures to enhance its weathering resistance. Poplar timber was subjected to oil heat treatment using a specific heating program at three target temperatures (180, 190, and 200 °C), each held for two hours. The specimens were prepared and subjected to 1000 hours of accelerated weathering with a Gardner wheel. Water absorption and volumetric swelling were also determined during seven days of soaking in water. Contact angle measurements of water droplets, colorimetry, and ATR-FTIR analysis were also conducted before and after weathering. The dimensional stability of treated wood increased with higher processing temperature. Although the water absorption values of treated wood were lower than those of the control specimens, the difference was not significant. The samples exhibited an obvious color difference before weathering due to oil heat treatment, but their color changed to silver-gray tans after weathering. The maximum ∆E value after weathering was observed in the samples treated at 200 °C. Weathering increased the wettability of wood surfaces, but the treated samples still had a higher water droplet contact angle than those of the control sample. ATR-FTIR results determined that oil heat treatment is not an effective method for preventing the degradation of lignin in wood surface exposed to weathering factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contact angle
  • Heat treatment
  • Poplar wood
  • Soybean oil
  • Weathering

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 77، شماره 1
خرداد 1403
صفحه 55-71

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