اثرات آفت شب‌پرة شمشاد (Cydalima perspectalis Walker) بر مشخصه‌های کیفی لاشبرگ و خاک (مطالعة موردی: ذخیره‌گاه شمشاد چشمه‌بلبل بندرگز، استان گلستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران.

2 گروه جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران.

10.22059/jfwp.2023.365837.1264

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر برگ­خواری لاروهای آفت شب­پرة شمشاد (Cydalima perspectalis Walker) بر تغییرات عناصر غذایی لاشبرگ و خاک در ذخیره‌گاه شمشاد چشمه‌بلبل مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. بدین‌ منظور، نمونه­ برداری از لاشبرگ تجزیه­ نشده (با استفاد از قاب 400 سانتی ­متر­مربعی) و خاک (با استفاده استوانة فلزی به قطر هشت و عمق ده سانتی­متر) به تعداد 32 نمونه در توده­ های سالم و آلوده به آفت شب­پرة شمشاد با استفاده از روش تصادفی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد اگرچه از بین متغیرهای فیزیکی خاک، فقط تغییرات درصد رطوبت خاک در دو تودة سالم و آلوده شمشاد معنی ­دار ارزیابی شد ولی توده ­های مزبور از ­نظر کلیه متغیرهای مورد بررسی شیمی خاک، تفاوت معنی ­داری را نشان دادند. نتایج بررسی مشخصه‌های میکروبی خاک نشان داد که تنفس پایه (0/12، 0/14)، ضریب متابولیکی، نسبت میکروبی و شاخص دسترسی به کربن در تودة آلوده به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از تودة سالم و تنفس برانگیخته (0/39، 0/3)، در تودة سالم بیشتر از تودة آلوده ارزیابی شد. این درحالی ­است­ که اختلاف معنی­ داری بین توده­ های سالم و آلودة شمشاد از نظر شاخص تنفس میکروبی­ کربن مشاهده نشد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفه­ های اصلی نشان داد که توده­ های سالم و آلودة شمشاد براساس توزیع مکانی مشخصه‌های خاک در امتداد محور اول از یکدیگر متمایز بوده و متغیرهای نیتروژن، ضریب متابولیکی، رطوبت، نیترات، آمونیوم و تنفس برانگیخته همبستگی مثبتی با محور اول (تمرکز ابرنقاط توده سالم) و بالعکس متغیرهای نسبت کربن به نیتروژن، پتاسیم، منیزیم، کلسیم و زی‌تودة میکروبی کربن همبستگی منفی (تمرکز ابر نقاط توده سالم) با این محور نشان دادند. به­ طورکلی، نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که بخش مهمی از سلامت و عملکرد بوم­سازگان جنگلی و چرخة عناصر غذایی به ­شدت تحت تأثیر فرآیند برگ­خو­اری ناشی از طغیان آفات قرار می­ گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of (Cydalima perspectalis Walker) on the quality characteristics of leaf litter and soil (Case study: Cheshmebalbel Boxwood Reserve, Bandargaz, Golestan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yeganeh Karimi 1
  • Omid Esmailzadeh 1
  • Azam Sadat Nouraei 2
1 Department of Forest Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
2 Department of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, the impact of boxwood moth pest defoliation on the dynamics of leaf litter and soil nutrients in the Cheshmebolbel boxwood (Buxus hyrcana) reserve was evaluated. A random sampling technique was employed to collect litter layer samples (using a 400 cm2 frame) and soil samples (using a metal cylinder with an 8 cm diameter and a 10 cm depth) from 32 sites in unpolluted and polluted boxwood stands. The results revealed that only soil moisture percentage differed significantly among the soil physical variables, whereas all chemical soil variables showed significant differences between the two polluted and unpolluted boxwood sites. Furthermore, basal respiration (0.14, 0.12), metabolic rate, microbial ratio, and carbon availability index were significantly higher in the polluted sites compared to the unpolluted site, while no significant difference was observed based on the microbial-carbon respiration index. The principal component analysis (PCA) results demonstrated a distinct separation of the two sites, both polluted and unpolluted, along the first axis, based on both litter and soil variables. In this context, nitrogen, metabolic rate, moisture, nitrate, ammonium, and stimulated respiration (0.30, 0.39) exhibited a positive correlation with the first axis, representing the concentration of the unpolluted stand. On the other hand, C/N ratio, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and microbial biomass carbon displayed a negative correlation with the first axis, representing the concentration of unpolluted sites. In general, the findings of this research underscore the substantial influence of defoliation induced by pest outbreaks on an important aspect of forest ecosystem health, performance, and nutrient cycling.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Defoliation
  • Natural disturbance
  • Nutrients
  • Soil respiration
  • Sustainable forest management
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