تأثیر عملیات چوبکشی بر خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک و وضعیت کربن آلی طی دورۀ هفت‌ساله در بخش گرازبن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران،کرج، ایران

3 استاد گروه مهندسی علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی تأثیر فعالیت‌های بهره‌برداری جنگل و برنامه‌ریزی برای کاهش این آثار از عواملی اساسی است که اهمیت روزافزونی دارد. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر سیستم چوبکشی زمینی بر روند بازیابی خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک طی هفت سال در بخش گرازبن جنگل آموزشی و پژوهشی خیرود است. در این پژوهش از طرح فاکتوریل کاملاً تصادفی استفاده شد و تیمارها شامل مدت زمانِ (سال) گذشته از چوبکشی (یک، دو، پنج و هفت سال)، سه شدت ترافیک (کم، متوسط و زیاد) و عمق خاک (صفر تا 10 و 10 تا 20 سانتی‌متری) بود. نتایج نشان داد که شدت کوبیدگی در عمق 0 تا 10 سانتی‌متری بیشتر از عمق 10 تا 20 سانتی‌متری است و عامل شدت تردد بر مقدار کوبیدگی تأثیر ندارد. جرم مخصوص ظاهری خاک پس از هفت سال هنوز به حالت اولیه خود برنگشته است و تفاوت معنی‌داری بین منطقة شاهد و مسیر چوبکشی دیده می‌شود. مقدار مادۀ آلی طی هفت سال، روند بازیابی را نسبت به سال اول پس از چوبکشی نشان داد، به‌طوری که در سال هفتم تفاوت معنی‌داری بین مقدار مادۀ آلی منطقۀ شاهد و مسیر چوبکشی مشاهده نشد. درحالی که مقدار مادۀ آلی در مسیر چوبکشی سال اول بسیار کمتر از مقدار مادۀ آلی در نقاط شاهد مجاور خود بود. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که بازیابی برخی خصوصیات خاک مانند مادۀ آلی سریع‌تر از برخی مشخصه‌های فیزیکی دیگر مانند جرم مخصوص ظاهری و تخلخل اتفاق می‌افتد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of timber extraction on soil physical properties and organic carbon recovery during seven years after trafficking in Gorazbon District in Kheyrud Forest

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Nasirian 1
  • Meghdad Jourgholami 2
  • Ahmad Heidari 3
1 MSc student of forest engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
2 Prof.., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics Faculty of Natural Resources University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran , Karaj, I.R. Iran
3 Prof., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Assessment and management of environmental impacts imposed by forest harvesting activities are one of the key factors that are increasing important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ground-based system on soil physical and chemical properties and the recovery process of these properties over the course of seven years. Hence, the compartments no. 316, 318, 310, and 309 of the Gorazbon District in the Kheyrud educational and research forest were selected. In this study, a completely randomized factorial design was applied and the treatments included duration (years) from timber extraction (one, two, five, and seven years), three traffic intensities (low, medium, and high) and soil depths (0-10 and 10-20 cm). The soil bulk density after seven years has not yet returned to the original state. There is still a significant difference between the control area and the skid trail. The amount of organic matter after seven years showed a recovery process compared with the first year after timber extraction, so that in the seventh year no significant difference was observed between the amount of organic matter in the control area and timber extraction track, while the amount of organic matter in the first year of timber extraction track is much lower than that of adjacent control areas. The recovery of some soil properties such as organic matter occurs faster than other ones like bulk density and porosity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Machine operating trail
  • Organic matter
  • Soil compaction
  • Bulk density

مراجع

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 75، شماره 2
شهریور 1401
صفحه 95-105

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