تغییرات عناصر ریزمغذی در فصل رویش در طبقات مختلف خشکیدگی در درختان بلوط (Quercus brantii Lindl.)، استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

2 مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پدیدۀ زوال بلوط از مهم‌ترین مشکلات کنونی در جنگل‌های زاگرس است. کمبود مواد غذایی و اختلاف مقدار جذب عناصر غذایی بین درختان شاداب بلوط (Quercus brantii Lindl.) با درختان دچار زوال، از علل اصلی خشکیدگی این درختان است. برای حل این مشکل و توقف روند زوال درختان بلوط، تغذیۀ درختان راهکار مدیریتی مناسبی است. محلول‌پاشی از شیوه‌های رایج تغذیۀ گیاهی است که در زمان کوتاه نیاز گیاه را تأمین می‌کند. برای اجرای این پژوهش، درختان یکسان و به‌نسبت مشابه با دو فرم پرورشی شاخه‌زاد و تک‌پایه در منطقۀ منج استان چهارمحال و بختیاری انتخاب شدند. در هر فرم پرورشی، درختان در سه سطح سلامت (شاداب، دارای خشکیدگی سرشاخه و خشکیدگی تاج تا 50 درصد) تفکیک و در هر سطح سلامت، پنج درخت با ابعاد یکسان (در مجموع 30 درخت) انتخاب شدند. پیش و پس از محلول‌پاشی، مشخصات کیفی درختان ثبت و نمونۀ ترکیبی برگ از آنها تهیه شد. محلول‌پاشی در زمان رشد کامل برگ‌ها از اوایل خردادماه تا تیرماه و با فاصلۀ 10 روز در سه نوبت انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار عناصر کم‌مصرف در برگ درختان در ابتدای فصل به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از انتهای فصل شد. در میان عناصر کم‌مصرف، مقدار بور در برگ درختان سالم بیشتر از درختان دچار زوال بود. ارزیابی کیفی درختان نشان داد که پیشرفت زوال در بیشتر درختان تحت بررسی متوقف شده بود. براساس نتایج این پژوهش، تغذیۀ درختان در معرض زوال و افزایش امکان جذب مواد غذایی از خاک می‌تواند در توقف روند زوال درختان مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Micronutrients Changes during the growing season in different dryness classes of Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) trees, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Jahanbazy Goujani 1
  • Yaghoub Iranmanesh 1
  • Mahmoud Talebi 2
  • Mehdi Pourhashemi 3
1 Assist., Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran
2 Senior Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

The phenomenon of oak decline is one of the most important current problems in the Zagros forests. Lack of nutrients and differences in nutrient uptake between healthy Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) and trees affected by decline is one of the main causes of dryness of these trees. Tree nutrition can be considered as a management strategy to solve this problem and stop the decay of oak trees. Nutrient spraying is one of the common methods of plant nutrition that meets the needs of the plant in a short time. In this research, the similar trees of two forms (coppice and seed-origin) were selected in the Monj area of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. In each form, trees were divided into three levels of health (Healthy, dieback and crown drought up to 50%). Five similar trees by dimension were selected in each level of health (totally 30 trees). Before and after nutrient spraying, the quality characteristics of the trees were recorded and a mixed sample of leaves was prepared from them. Nutrient spraying were done at full time of leaves from early June to July with an interval of 10 days in three shifts. The results showed that the amount of micronutrients elements in the leaves of trees at the beginning of the growing season was significantly higher than the end of the season. Among the micronutrients elements, the amount of boron in the leaves of healthy trees was more than decaying trees. Qualitative evaluation of trees showed that the progression of dieback has stopped in most of the studied trees. Feeding of decaying trees and increasing the possibility of nutrient uptake from the soil can be effective in stopping the decay of trees.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Boron
  • feeding
  • micronutrients
  • nutrient spraying
  • oak decline
  • Zagros forests

مراجع

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 74، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 223-233

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