اثر ارتفاع از سطح دریا و نوع پرستار بر میزان موفقیت بذرکاری بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii Lindl.) و بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) در جنگل‌های دالاب ایلام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان ایلام، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایلام، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان ایلام، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش میزان ظهور نهال حاصل از کاشت بذرهای بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii Lindl.) و بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) در جنگل‌های دالاب ایلام در دو موقعیت ارتفاعی و پنج وضعیت پرستاری در طی دو سال 1398-1397 بررسی شد. شش رویشگاه در ارتفاع 1400 و 1550 متر از سطح دریا با جهت دامنۀ یکسان انتخاب شدند. در هر رویشگاه یک ترانسکت در جهت عمود بر شیب دامنه پیاده شد و روی آن پرستارها شامل درخت، درختچه، بوته، سنگ و فضای بدون پوشش با رعایت سه تکرار مشخص شدند. در زیر یا پیرامون هر یک از پرستارها، دوازده چاله حفر و با بذر گونه‌های نام‌برده در زمستان 1396 کاشت شد. تعداد چاله‌های سبزشده و تعداد نهال سبزشده در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 در طی فصول بهار و تابستان شمارش شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ارتفاع از سطح دریا و پرستار بر ظهور نهال‌های بلوط و اثر سال آماربرداری، فصل آماربرداری و پرستار بر ظهور نهال بنه معنی‌دار است. درصد چاله‌های سبزشده در سال دوم نسبت به سال اول و در تابستان نسبت به بهار کاهش داشت. بیشترین درصد نهال‌های سبزشده در ارتفاعات پایین‌تر و در زیر تاج درختان وجود داشت. عملکرد سنگ‌ها و بوته‌ها بهتر از درختچه‌ها بود و در رتبۀ بعد از تاج درختان قرار گرفت. نتیجه‌گیری شد که در صورت بذرکاری در عرصه براساس الگوی استقرار زادآوری طبیعی می‌توان به نتایج موفقیت‌آمیز امیدوار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of altitude and nurse type on the success rate of Brant`s oak and wild Pistachio seeding in Dalab, Ilam forests

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Hosseini 1
  • Mohammadreza Jafari 2
1 Assoc., Prof., Forests, Rangelands and Watershed management Research Department, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ilam, I.R. Iran.
2 Assis., Prof., Forests, Rangelands and Watershed management Research Department, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ilam, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, the rate of seedling emergence from direct seeding of Brant`s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) and wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) in Dalab forests of Ilam in two altitude and five regeneration establishment positions during two years 2018-2019 was examined. For this, six sites were selected at an altitude of 1400 and 1550 m above sea level with the same aspects. In each site, a transect was implemented perpendicular to the slope, and on it regeneration establishment positions including “under tree crown”, “under shrub”, ‘under bushes”, “next to the rock” and bare spaces, observing three replicates were established. At each regeneration establishment position 12 holes were dug. In the dug holes, the seeds of the mentioned species were planted in the winter of 2017. The number of green holes and the number of emerged seedlings were counted during the spring and summer of 2018 and 2019 years. The results showed that the effect of sampling year, sampling season, altitude, regeneration establishment position and interaction effect of altitude and regeneration establishment position on the percentage of green holes is significant. The percentage of green holes decreased in the second year compared to the first year and in summer compared to spring. The highest percentage of seedling emergence was at lower altitudes and under tree crowns. The performance of Stones and bushes was better than shrubs which ranked after tree crowns. It was concluded that if seed sowing is done according to the natural pattern of regeneration, successful results can be hoped for.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • altitude
  • direct seeding
  • tree crown
  • nurse
  • oak forest
  • germination

مراجع

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 74، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 159-169

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