تأثیر قارچ‏های میکوریز آربوسکولار بر صفات مورفولوژیکی نهال‏های یک‏ساله محلب (Cerasus mahaleb L.) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات آب و خاک، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

کاهش بارندگی و کم‏آبی، دو چالش مهم در جنگل‏های زاگرس محسوب می‏شوند. یکی از مناسب‏ترین روش‏ها به منظور احیاء و غنی‏سازی این جنگل‏ها استفاده از گونه‏های بومی نظیر محلب می‏باشد. این تحقیق به صورت فاکتوریل با دو فاکتور تنش خشکی در چهار سطح 100، 75، 50 و 25 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و قارچ میکوریز آربوسکولار در سه سطح بدون قارچ میکوریز (شاهد)، Rhizophagus irregularis و Funneliformis mosseae در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان طی دو فصل زمستان و بهار 97- 1396 اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش تنش خشکی صفات ارتفاع، قطر یقه، تعداد شاخه و برگ، وزن خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی، درصد کلونیزاسیون قارچ و سطح برگ نهال‏های محلب به طور معنی‏دار کاهش یافت (p≤1%)، لیکن هر دو قارچ توانستند باعث بهبود اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه شوند. در ظرفیت زراعی 100 درصد، کلونیزاسیون قارچ به طور متوسط از 1/32 درصد در شاهد به 27/47 درصد در تلقیح با قارچF. mosseae و 2/43 درصد در تلقیح با قارچ R. irregularis رسید (p≤5%). در اثر تلقیح با قارچ F. mosseae، طول ریشه اصلی نهال‏ها در تنش‏های مختلف خشکی نسبت به شاهد روند افزایشی نشان داد و بیشترین طول ریشه (42 سانتیمتر) در ظرفیت زراعی 50 درصد بدست آمد. بزرگترین اندازه سطح و تعداد برگ، رویش ارتفاعی و قطری نهال در شرایط بدون تنش خشکی (ظرفیت زراعی 100 درصد) مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، محلب در دوره نونهالی، با تلقیح قارچ‏های میکوریزی آربوسکولار قدرت تحمل به خشکی بیشتری پیدا خواهد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on morphological characteristics of Cerasus Mahaleb L. one year old seedlings under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Esmaeili Sharif 1
  • Bahman Zamani Kebrabadi 2
  • Mohsen Dehghani 3
1 Assist., Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural, and Natural Resources Research, and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, AREEO, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.
2 PhD student, Department of Forestry, and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences, and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Mazandran, I.R. Iran.
3 Assist., Prof., Research Division of Water & Soil, Isfahan Agricultural, and Natural Resources Research, and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, AREEO, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

Rainfall reduction and dehydration are important features of the Zagros forests. One of the most sustainable, and suitable ways to restore, and enrich these forests is the use of native, and multipurpose species such as Cerasus mahaleb L.. This study was conducted as a factorial randomized complete block design at Isfahan Agricultural, and Natural Resources Research Center from winter to spring of 2018. The first factor included four levels of drought stress (100, 75, 50, and 25% of field capacity), and the second factor was three levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi without mycorrhizal fungi (control), Rhizophagus irregularis, and Funneliformis mosseae in four replications on fungal colonization, and traits of the morphological characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of C. mahale L. in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that with increasing drought stress; height, collar diameter, number of branches, and leaves, root, and shoot dry weight, fungal colonization percentage, and leaf area of C. mahaleb seedlings were significantly reduced (p≤1%), however, both fungi were able to improve most of the studied traits. At 100% field capacity, fungal colonization increased from 32.1% in control to 47.27% in inoculation with F. mosseae, and 43.2% in inoculation with R. irregularis (p≤5%). Due to inoculation with F. mosseae fungi, the seedlings main root length in different drought stress treatments, compared to the control, showed an increasing trend, and the maximum root length (42 cm) in the conditions FC50% stress was obtained. The largest size of the surface, and the number of leaves, the height, and diameter of the seedlings were observed in conditions without drought stress (FC100%). According to the results of this study, in the seedling period, C. mahaleb can be considered as a relatively drought tolerant species.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Greenhouse
  • Field capacity
  • Percentage of colonization
  • Seedling

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 74، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 15-28

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