تجزیه و تحلیل فنی زخم های وارده به درختان حاشیه مسیر در اثر عملیات چوبکشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکدۀ فناوری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، تهران

چکیده

عملیات بهره‌برداری جنگل نظام مهندسی با هدف بیشینه‌کردن کارایی و کمینه‌کردن آثار نامطلوب است. این بررسی در پارسل‏های 220 و 225 از سری نمخانه در جنگل خیرود در کنار نوشهر انجام شد. در این بررسی، خسارات ناشی از عملیات چوبکشی با استفاده از اسکیدر تیمبرجک 450 سی، بر درختان سرپا ارزیابی شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که به‌ترتیب در دو پارسل 220 و 225، 6/80 درصد و 7/72 درصد از آسیب‏های حاصل از چوبکشی در قسمت‏های پایین ساقۀ درخت (ریشه و 0-3/0متر از بن درخت) رخ داده است و بیش از 40 درصد از زخم‏ها مساحتی کمتر از 200 سانتی‏متر مربع دارند، ولی 57 درصد از زخم‏ها منجر به آسیب به کامبیوم شده است. همچنین نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که با وجود شدت بهره‏برداری کمتر در پارسل 225 در مقایسه با پارسل 220، میانگین عرض زخم‏ها در پارسل 225 (43/10 سانتی‏متر) بیشتر از پارسل 220 (06/9 سانتی‏متر) است که این مورد‌ مهم به تعداد قوس‏های بیشتر (حدود 2 برابر) در مسیرهای چوبکشی پارسل 225 در مقایسه با پارسل 220 مربوط می‏شود. نتیجۀ آنالیز واریانس با طبقه‏بندی دوطرفه نیز نشان داد که از نظر نسبت عرض زخم به محیط درخت بین دو پارسل مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی‏داری وجود دارد (F=9.01, p=0.003, df=1). در کل می‏توان چنین نتیجه‏ گرفت که افزایش تعداد قوس‏های موجود در مسیرهای چوبکشی در مقایسه با شدت بهره‏برداری آثار تخریبی بیشتری بر درختان حاشیۀ مسیر بر جا گذاشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Technical Analysis of Created Scars on the Edge Trees of Skid-trail due to Skidding Operation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshad Keivan Behjou 1
  • Baris Majnounian 2
  • Manochehr Namiranian 2
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, I.R. Iran
2 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Logging operations is an engineering system with the aim of maximizing efficiency and minimizing negative effects. This study was carried out in two compartments including 220 and 225 in Namkhaneh district of Kheiroudkenar watershed. In this study, damages resulted from skidding operation by Timber jack 450C were evaluated. The results of this study showed that in two compartments 220 and 225, 80.6% and 72.7% of scars resulted from skidding operations was happened in low parts of the tree (root and stump area) and more than 40% of scars are with the area of lower than 200cm2, but 57% of scars are accompanied with cambium damage. The results of study showed that with regarding to lower logging intensity in compartment 225 compared to compartment 220, the average size of scars in compartment 225 (10.43cm) is more than compartment 220 (9.06cm) that this important note is referred to more skid-trail turns in compartment 225 compared to compartment 220 (around 2 times more). Also, the results of analysis of variance showed that the wound-stem ratio is significant difference between two compartments in 1% level (F=9.01, P=0.003, df=1). Generally, concluded that increasing number of turns in skid-trails have more degradation effects in comparison with harvesting intensity on edge trees.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • scar width
  • skid-trail
  • turn
  • wound-stem ratio

مراجع

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