پایداری زمانی الگوهای مکانی تاج‌بارش تک‌درختان بلوط ایرانی در ناحیۀ رویشی زاگرس (مطالعۀ موردی: جنگل‏های اطراف شهر ایلام)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگل‏داری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جنگل‏داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد گروه جنگل‏داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی توزیع مکانی و پایداری الگوهای تاج‌بارش پنج تک‌ درخت بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii var. Persica) در فصل غیر رویش در جنگل‏های زاگرس نزدیک شهر ایلام بود. ‏ تاج‌بارش، به کمک 16 جمع‌آوری‌کننده در هشت جهت زیر تاج‌پوشش هر تک‌درخت، و میزان بارندگی به کمک شش جمع‌آوری‌کنندۀ باران که در فضای بازی در نزدیکی رویشگاه بررسی شده بودند اندازه‏ گیری شد. میزان باران‌ربایی به‌صورت غیر مستقیم از تفاضل بارندگی و تاج‌بارش محاسبه شد.اندازه‏ گیری‏ ها به مدت سه ماه، از اواخر آذر 1389 تا اوایل فروردین 1390، انجام گرفت. در این دوره، 24 مورد بارندگی با مجموع عمق 4/302 میلی‏متر جمع‌آوری شد که به‌طور متوسط 3/14 درصد آن برای تک‌درختان بلوط ایرانی به‌صورت باران‌ربایی تبخیر یا صرف اشباع تاج‌‌پوشش شد. در نمودارهای پایداری زمانی، کمتر از 6 درصد از جمع‌آوری‌کننده‏ ها تفاوت معنی‏دار (05/0 =α) نسبت به میانگین نرمال‌شدۀ تاج‌بارش داشتند که بیانگر ناهمگنی کمتر تاج‌بارش در فصل استراحت در مقایسه با سایر مطالعات بر روی توده‏ های جنگلی است. ترتیب جمع‌آوری‌کننده‏ های تاج‌بارش در پلات‏ های پایداری زمانی به‌طور کلی پایین‌بودن مقدار تاج‌بارش در نزدیکی تنه برای تک‌درختان بلوط ایرانی را تأیید می‏کند. استفاده از نمودارهای پایداری زمانی در این مطالعه‏، مناسب‌بودن این روش را برای بررسی توزیع تاج‌بارش تک‌درختان بلوط ایرانی در طی زمان نشان می‏دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Temporal Stability of Throughfall Spatial Pattern under Individual Oak Trees in the Zagros Region (Case Study: Neighboring Forests of Ilam)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Fathizadeh 1
  • Pedram Attarod 2
  • Ghavamodin Zahedi Amiri 3
  • Ali Asghar Darvishsefat 3
1 Ph.D Candidate, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Noor, I.R. Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Spatio-temporal variability of throughfall (TF) has an important role on the biogeochemical processes,
soil, watershed hydrology as well as the nutrient cycle in forests. Spatial distribution and temporal
stability of TF patterns by five individual Persian oak trees (Quercus brantii var. Persica) in the
Zagros forests of western Iran, Ilam, was quantified. Sixteen TF manual gauges were placed beneath
the five selected tree canopies in the eight geographic directions and the gross rainfall (GR) was
measured by the mean of six homemade gauges records placed in an open area adjacent to the study
site. Rainfall interception (I) was indirectly estimated as the difference between GR and TF. The
measurements were recorded during three months from end of December 2010 to beginning of April
2011. During this period, 24 rainfall events with cumulative depth of 302.4 mm was collected, of
which on average 14.3% evaporated as I or expended as canopy storage by individual Persian oak
trees. Less than 6% of sampling points in the time stability plots deviated consistently (α= 0.05) from
the mean normalized TF, meaning lower heterogeneity of TF compared to other studies on the forest
stands. Moreover, generally ranking of TF collectors of time stability plots confirmed lower TF
concentrations near the tree trunks for individual Persian oak trees. Time stability plots in the current
study were appeared a useful tool to quantify TF distribution of individual Persian oak trees.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Quercus brantii
  • Spatial Distribution
  • temporal stability
  • Throughfall
  • Zagros forests

مراجع

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