بررسی تطبیقی آناتومی چوب چهار گونۀ درختچه ‏ای در منطقۀ سراب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و آناتومی چوب، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، شباهت‏‏ها و تفاوت‏های آناتومی چوبِ چهار گونۀ درختچه ‏ای از منطقۀ سراب استان آذربایجان شرقی برای درک بهتر تطبیق ‏پذیری بافت چوبی با اقلیم خشکِ منطقه بررسی شد. این درختچه‏ها عبارت‌اند از: پرند (Pteropyrum olivieri)، نسترن کوهی (Rosa canina)، ارجنگ (Rhamnus pallasii)، و گز ‌انگبین (Tamarix gallica L) که آناتومی چوب یکی از آن‌ها (سَردۀ Pteropyrum) برای نخستین بار است که در جهان گزارش می‏شود. پس از تهیۀ مقاطع میکروسکوپی از بافت چوبی و رنگ‌آمیزی آن‌ها، ویژگی‏های آناتومی چوب این گونه‏ ها با هم مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که بیشترین تشابه بین نسترن کوهی و پرند وجود دارد؛ در حالی که گز‌انگبین و ارجنگ کمترین شباهت‏های آناتومی چوب را با هم داشتند. ویژگی‏های آناتومی چوب این گونه‏ها که در مقابله با تنش‏های خشکی نقش دارند ـ بسته به نحوۀ پراکنش‏ درختچه‏ ها در منطقۀ مورد مطالعه ـ متفاوت بودند. از ویژگی‏های آن‌ها می‏توان به وجود و شدت ضخامت مارپیچی در آوندها، وجود تراکئیدهای آوندی/ دورآوندی، و اندازه و نحوۀ چینش آوندها در حلقۀ رویشی اشاره کرد. گونۀ گز که فقط در حاشیۀ آب‏گیر گسترش یافته بود کمترین تجهیزشدگی را برای مقابله با تنش خشکی در بافتش نشان ‏داد. در حالی که درختچه ‏های ارجنگِ رشد‌یافته در سخت‏ترین شرایط، بیشترین تطبیق ‏پذیری را با شرایط خشک داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative Wood Anatomy of Four Shrubs from Sarab Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Emami-Nasab 1
  • Reza Oladi 2
1 MSc. Student, Wood Biology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of natural resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

To understand the compatibility of xylem with dry climates, wood anatomy similarities and
differences of four shrubs were investigated in dry and cold region of Sarab (Azarbaijan sharghi
province). These shrubs were: Pteropyrum olivieri, Rosa canina, Tamarix gallica, and Rhamnus
pallasii, while the wood anatomy of Pteropyrum sp. is reported for the first time, in this research.
After preparing microscopic sections of mature xylem and staining them, wood anatomy of studied
species were reported and compared. The results showed that Pteropyrum olivieri and Rosa canina are
the most similar in terms of wood anatomy while Rhamnus pallasii and Tamarix gallica have the least
similarities with each other. Those anatomical features which compensate the drought stress were
different in these shrubs according to local distribution of studied species; among them was the
occurrence and intensity of spiral thickenings in vessels, the presence of vascular / vasicentric
tracheids, and the size and grouping of vessels. Tamarix gallica which were grown only near the lake
had the least adaptation to drought in its stem while Rhamnus pallasii which could distribute in the
harshest conditions were equipped with the best adaptive traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • spiral thickening
  • tree physiology
  • vascular tracheids
  • vessel
  • wood structure

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