تأثیر انواع متفاوت کاربری زمین بر خصوصیات فیزیکی، شیمیایی، و زیستی خاک در جنگل الندان ساری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ‌ایران

2 استادیار گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ‌ایران

3 دانشیار گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ‌ایران

چکیده

چکیده
امروزه، تخریب اکوسیستم‏های طبیعی و تبدیل آن‌ها به کاربری‏های دیگر موجب تغییرات چشمگیری در خصوصیات خاک شده است. این تحقیق به‌‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تغییر کاربری اراضی بر خصوصیات فیزیکی، شیمیایی، و زیستی خاک در بخشی از چشم‌اندازهای جنگل‌‌های صنایع چوب و کاغذ مازندران در سری الندان، که از تنوع کاربری اراضی (تودة خالص راش، تودة مخروبه، تودة دست‌کاشت ون، تودة دست‌کاشت کاج سیاه، و زمین کشاورزی) برخوردار است، انجام شد. به‌همین منظور، نمونه‏های خاک به‌صورت تصادفی (تعداد 6 نقطه در هر کاربری) و از عمق 0ـ10، 10ـ20، و 20ـ30 سانتی‏متر به‌وسیلة استوانة فلزی (قطر 8 سانتی‏متر) برداشت شد. درصد رطوبت، چگالی ظاهری، واکنش خاک، هدایت الکتریکی، کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، پتاسیم و کلسیم قابل جذب، آمونیوم، و نیترات خاک در آزمایشگاه اندازه‏گیری و شاخص‏های نرخ خالص معدنی‏شدن نیتروژن، تولید آمونیوم، و تولید نیترات محاسبه شد. مقایسۀ خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک اختلاف معنی‏داری (05/0p<) را در بین کاربری‏های مختلف نشان داده است؛ به‌طوری‌ که بیشترین مقدار مشخصه‏های واکنش خاک، ازت کل، کلسیم قابل جذب، و آمونیوم خاک در کاربری جنگل‏کاری ون، و کمترین میزان ازت کل، pH، و نرخ تجزیه‏پذیری بقایای گیاه (بیشترین میزان نسبت کربن به نیتروژن) در جنگل‏کاری کاج مشاهده شده است. معدنی‌شدن خالص نیتروژن و تولید خالص آمونیوم نیز فقط در جنگل‏کاری ون رخ داده است. نتایج این تحقیق مؤید تأثیر چشمگیر انواع کاربری‏ها بر خصوصیات خاک است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of Different Land-Use Types on Soil Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties in Alandan Forest- Sari

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Asadian 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Hojjati 2
  • Mohammadreza Pourmajidian 3
  • Asghar Fallah 3
1 Master of Forestry, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, I.R. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, I.R. Iran
3 Associate Professor, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, natural ecosystems degradation and its conversion to other land uses can create
considerable changes in soil properties. The present study was conducted to investigate impact of land
use change on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in five common types of land-uses in
the mountain forest area in the north of Iran (in a part of Alandan district, Mazandaran– Sari), namely
arable land, pine plantation, ash plantation, beech stand and destructed forest stand. The soil samples
were taken from soil depths 0-10, 10-20 , 20-30 cm with using coring method (8 cm diameter) in each
site randomly (n=6). The moisture content of soil, pH, EC, bulk density, available K and Ca, organic
carbon and total N, NH4
+ and NO3
- concentration was measured in the laboratory and Net N
mineralization, net ammonification and net nitrification was calculated. Results showed significant
difference (P<0.05) in soil physical and chemical properties between different land-uses types. As, the
higher pH, available Ca, total nitrogen and ammonium were observed in ash plantation and lowest
total nitrogen, pH amount and litter decomposition rate (highest C/N ratio) was found in pine
plantation. Also, net N mineralization and ammonification were occurred just in the soil of Ash
plantation. Results of this study indicate a significant impact of different land use type on soil
properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alandan
  • Ash
  • Forest soil
  • N mineralization
  • Pine
  • plantation

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