مقایسه رویش قطری و ارتفاعی ارقام بومی و غیربومی جدید صنوبر در ایستگاه تحقیقات جنگل و مرتع چمستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تحقیقات

2 عضو هیئت علمی موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

برای توسعه زراعت چوب، استفاده از کلن‌های پرمحصول جدید صنوبر ضرورت دارد. به منظور معرفی کلن‌های برتر در این تحقیق، 12 کلن جدید صنوبر که طی سال‌های اخیر وارد کشور شده‌اند و دو کلن موفق معرفی شده (بعنوان شاهد) به همراه یک کلن صنوبر بومی سفیدپلت در سه تکرار در فاصله کاشت 4×4متر و بصورت گروهی مربعی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی کاشته شدند. صفات قطر و ارتفاع هر ساله پس از پایان فصل رشد اندازه‌گیری شد. صفات کیفی تعداد انحنای تنه، تعداد شاحه قطور تر از 5 سانتی‌متر، تعداد و درصد درختان دو شاخه هر کلن، و ارتفاع محل دوشاخه‌شدن در پایان سال پنجم برای کلیه کلن‌ها تعیین شد. تجزیه واریانس ساده برای قطر و ارتفاع نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌دار بین کلن‌ها وجود دارد. اما تجزیه واریانس مرکب برای مقادیر رویش قطری و ارتفاعی نشان داد که از نظر رویش قطری بین کلن‌ها، همچنین بین سال‌های مختلف اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود دارد. اما برای مقادیر رویش ارتفاعی، فقط بین سالهای مختلف تفاوت معنی‌دار حاکم است. کلن جدید Populus deltoides marquette، و کلن شاهدP. deltoids 69/55 به ترتیب با 65/13 و 28/13 سانتی‌متر قطر و مقادیر 63/10 و 50/10 متر ارتفاع پس از 5 سال رویش به عنوان کلن‌های برتر معرفی می‌شوند. در مقابل، کلن‌های P. euramericana 87m. 119 و P. euramericana i-sieres با 97/3 و 4 سانتی‌متر قطر و 02/4 و 25/4 متر ارتفاع به عنوان ضعیف‌ترین کلن‌ها تعیین شدند. صفات کیفی نتایج کمی را نقص نکرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of diameter and height growth of native and new non-native poplar clones in Chamestan Forest and Rangeland Research Station

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Asadi 1
  • Mohsen Kalagari 2
1
2 member of scientific board of Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland
چکیده [English]

In order to develop wood cultivation, it is necessary to use new high-yielding Poplar clones. For introduce the best clones, in this study, 12 new poplar clones that have entered the country in recent years and two previous successful clones (as a control) along with a native Caspian poplar were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at a distance of 4 by 4 m. Diameter and height traits were measured each year after the end of the growing season. Qualitative traits including the number of trunk curvature, the number of branches thicker than 5 cm, the number and percentage of two-branched trees in each clone, and the height of the branching position were recorded at the end of the fifth year. Simple analysis of variance for diameter and height values showed significant difference between the clones. However, combined analysis of variance for diameter and height growth values showed a significant difference in terms of diameter growth between clones as well as between different years. But for height growth values, there is a significant difference only between different years. P. deltoides marquette, and P. deltoids 69/55 as control clone with 13.65 and 13.28 cm in diameter and values of 10.63 and 10.50 m in height respectively, after 5 years of growth as best clones are introduced. In contrast, P. euramericana 87m. 119 and P. euramericana i-sieres were identified as the weakest clones. Qualitative traits did not impair the quantitative results.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adaptability experiments
  • fast growing trees
  • poplar clones
  • wood farming
[1]. Jürgensen, C., Kollert, W., and Lebedys, A. (2014). Assessment of industrial roundwood production from planted forests. Planted Forests and Trees Working Papers (FAO) Eng no. FP/48/E. Rome, Italy.
[2]. Nelson, N. D., Meilan, R., Berguson, W. E., McMahon, B. G., Cai, M., and Buchman, D. (2019). Growth performance of hybrid poplar clones on two agricultural sites with and without early irrigation and fertilization. Silvae Genetica, 68(1), 58-66.
[3]. Ghasemi, R., Modir Rahmati, A.R., Bagheri, R., Calagari, M., and Asadi, F. (2014). Study of phenology, morphology and growth characteristics of poplar species, cultivars and clones in the Karaj Poplar Collection. Final report of Research Project, Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, 93p.
[4]. Ghasemi, R., and Modirrahmati. (2003). Adaptability examination and investigation of production amount of different poplar clones (Crown Closed Clones) in Karaj districht. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. 11(3), 359-390.
[5]. Lashkarblouki, E., Kahneh, E., Mosavi Kopar, A., and Amanzadeh, B. (2016). Adaptability of new open crown poplar clones in Lasht-e Nasha area, Guilan province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 24(4): 646-655.
[6]. Salehi, M., Ghods Khah, M., Amanzadeh, B., and Mousavi Koupar, S. A. (2020). Yield comparison of different poplar species and clones in Guilan province. Forest and Wood Products, 73 (2): 201-211.
[7]. Goodarzi, G.R., and Modir Rahmati, A.R. (2002). An investigation on one-year old seedlings of different crown poplar clones in Markazi province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21(2): 256-267.
[8]. Nouri, F., Modirrahmati, A. R., and Hemati, A. (2006). Elimination trial of 10 Poplar clones (Populus nigra) in Kermanshah province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 14(4): 278-291.
[9]. Yousefi, B., and Modirrahmati, A. R. (2007).  Compatibility experiment of 10 poplar clones for introducing of most suitable clones to executive unit in Kurdistan province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 15(3): 253-267.
[10]. Jahanpour, F., Derikvandi, A., Ramak, P., Ghasemi, R., Calagari, M., and Karimian, R. (2019). Investigation on adaptation and growth characteristics of different closed-crown poplar clones under climatical conditions of Khorram Abad. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 26(4): 471-482.
[11]. Burkhart, H. E., Brunner, A. M., Stanton, B. J. Shuren, R. A., Amaties, R. L., and Creighton, J, L. (2017). An assessment of potential of hybrid poplar for planting in the Virginia Piedmont. New Forests, 48: 479–490.
[12]. Ghauhan, S.K., Ghauhan, R., and Saralch, H.S. (2008) Diversity of poplar (Populus deltoides) clones in India. In: S.S. Kundu,O.P. Chaturvedi, J.C. Dagar and S.K. Sirohi (eds.) Environment, Agroforestry and Livestock Management. International Book Distributors Ltd., Lucknow. pp. 175-188.
[13]. Guang, H. Q., Yeu, Z, J., Yu, L, Q., and Nottola, B. (2003). Field test of new poplar clone in Shangdong province. Journal of Forestry Research, 14(3): 225-229.
[14]. Nielson, U, B., Madsen, P., Kehlet, J., Nord-Larsern, T., and Nielsen, A. T. (2014). Production potential of 36 poplar clones grown at medium length rotation in Denmark. Biomass and Bioenergy, 64: 99-109.
[15]. Zhang, Y., Tian, Y., Ding, S., Lv, Y., Samjhana, W., and Fang, S. (2020). Growth, carbon storage, and optimal rotation in poplar plantations: a case study on clone and planting spacing effects. Forests 2020, 11, 842.
[16]. Fang, S.Z., Xu, X.Z., Lu, S.X., and Tang, L.Z. (1999). Growth dynamics and biomass production in short-rotation poplar plantations: 6-year results for three clones at four spacing. Biomass and Bioenergy, 17: 415–425.
[17]. Khan, G. S., and Chaudhry, A. K. (2007). Effect of spacing and plant density on the growth of poplar (Populus deltoides) trees under agro-forestry system. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 44(2), 321-327.
[18]. Yan, Y., Fang, S., Tian, Y., Deng, S., Tang, L., and Chuong, D. N. (2015). Influence of tree spacing on soil nitrogen mineralization and availability in hybrid poplar plantations. Forests, (6): 636–649.
[19]. Asadi, F. (2019). Fundamentals of Poplar wood farming. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Press, Tehran.