تأثیر تلقیح دو قارچ میکوریزی و دو باکتری محرک رشد بر بهبود صفات نهال‌های تحت تنش خشکی مورد (Myrtus communis L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

2 استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

3 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

4 استاد گروه زراعت دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر دو قارچ میکوریزی و دو باکتری محرک رشد بر زنده‌مانی و صفات رویشی نهال‌های مورد(Myrtus communis L.) در شرایط کم‌آبی، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. تیمارهای تنش خشکی در سه سطح شامل 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (بدون تنش)، 60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (تنش ملایم) و 30 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (تنش شدید)، و تیمارهای کود زیستی در هفت سطح شامل شاهد (بدون تلقیح)، قـارچ Funneliformis  mosseae و قـارچ Rhizophagus intraradices ، ترکیب این دو قارچ، باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescensو باکتریP. putida ، ترکیب این دو باکتری، در سه تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج آشکار کرد که تنش خشکی سبب کاهش، و تلقیح کودهای زیستی (به‌ویژه ترکیب قارچ‌ها، ترکیب باکتری‌ها) سبب افزایش صفات بررسی‌شده شد. در تنش کم‌آبی شدید، تیمارهای ترکیبی قارچ یا باکتری نسبت به شاهد، رویش ارتفاعی را 31-28 درصد، زی‌تودۀ برگ را 52-51 درصد، زی‌تودۀ ریشه را 42-36 درصد، زی‌تودۀ کل را 41-37 درصد و زنده‌مانی را 50 درصد بهبود بخشیدند. نهال مورد توانست در شرایط خشکی شدید، بدون تلقیح نزدیک به 50 درصد و با تلقیح 100-90 درصد زنده‌مانی داشته باشد. به‌طور کلی، با توجه به کاهش اثر مخرب تنش کم‌آبی با کودهای زیستی بر متغیرهای نهال مورد، استفاده از این کودها به‌ویژه ترکیب دو قارچ میکوریزی و یا ترکیب دو باکتری محرک رشد می‌تواند در بهبود شاخص‌های رشد آن مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of inoculation of two mycorrhizal fungi and two growth-promoting rhizobacteria on improvement of characteristics of Myrtus Communis L. seedlings under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soghra Azizi 1
  • Masoud Tabari Kouchaksaraeai 2
  • Alireza Fallah Nosrat Abad 3
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modares Sanavi 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Silviculture, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, I.R. Iran
2 Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, I.R. Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj, I.R. Iran
4 Prof., Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of two mycorrhizal fungi and two growth-promoting rhizobacteria on survival and growth traits of Myrtus communis L. in water deficit conditions, as a completely randomized factorial design. Drought stress in three levels: 100% field capacity (without stress), 60% field capacity (mild stress) and 30% field capacity (severe stress) and biofertilizer in seven levels: control (without inoculation); inoculation with mycorrhizals of Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, and combination of these two fungi; inoculation with rhizobacterias of Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida, and combination of these two bacteria was considered in three replicates. Drought stress reduced and biofertilizers (in particular, composition of fungus, and combination of bacterias) increased the studied traits. In severe water deficit, combined treatments of fungal or bacterial improved height increment by 28-31%, leaf biomass by 51-52%, root biomass by 36-42%, total biomass by 37-41% and survival by 50% compared with the control (non-inoculation) ones. In severe drought stress, almost 50% of the seedlings survived without inoculation and 90-100% of them with inoculation, indicating the high tolerance of this species to drought. Due to the reduction of the destructive effect of water stress on M. communis seedling traits using biofertilizers, the use of these treatments, especially the combination of two fungi of Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices or two rhizobacteria of Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. putida can be useful to improve seedling's growth characteristics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biomass
  • common myrtle seedling
  • growth-promoting rhizobacteria
  • height growth
  • mycorrhizal fungi
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