باران‌ربایی تک‌درختان زبان‌گنجشک در فصول رویش و خزان در اقلیم نیمه‌خشک (مطالعۀ موردی: پارک جنگلی چیتگر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران، دکتری

3 دانشگاه تامسون ریورز کانادا

4 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج

چکیده

از مهم‌ترین مباحث امروزی مدیریت منابع آب، میزان اجزای باران (GR) در اکوسیستم‌های جنگل‌کاری و فضای سبز شهری است. هدف از اجرای پژوهش حاضر، مقایسه باران‌ربایی (I) تک درختان جنگل‌کاری شده زبان گنجشک (Fraxinus rotundifolia) در فصول رویش و خزان در پارک جنگلی چیتگر در اقلیم نیمه‌خشک بود. مقدار GR و I طی یک سال اندازه‌گیری به ترتیب با استفاده از شش و 12 عدد باران‌سنج اندازه‌گیری شدند. مقدار I از تفاضل تاج ‌بارش (TF) و GR برآورد گردید. در مجموع 50 رخداد GR، با عمق تجمعی 0/156 میلی‌متر اندازه‌گیری شد که مقدار I تجمعی در کل دوره پژوهش و در دوره‌های برگدار و بی‌برگی به ترتیب 4/19 درصد، 0/23 درصد و 2/16 درصد به دست آمد. بین I و GR در کل دوره پژوهش (862/0R= ) و در دوره‌های برگدار (862/0R= ) و بی‌برگی (950/0R= )، همبستگی‌های مثبت معنی‌داری در سطح 99 درصد مشاهده شد. میانگین درصد I نسبی (I:GR) در کل دوره پژوهش و در دوره‌های برگدار و بی‌برگی به ترتیب 6/46 درصد، 3/49 درصد و 6/41 درصد به دست آمد و میانگین درصد I:GR دوره‌های برگدار و بی‌برگی، اختلاف معنی‌داری را نشان دادند (01/0p<). انتخاب گونه‌هایی با مقدار I پایین، سبب افزایش آب رسیده به سطح خاک جنگل شده و این امر به خصوص در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک که دارای کمبود آب هستند، بسیار مهم است. در این راستا، توجه به میزان تعرق گونه‌های منتخب نیز باید مد نظر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Seasonal Variability of Rainfall Interception under Individual Ash Trees Afforested in a Semiarid Climate, Chitgar Forest Park, Tehran

نویسنده [English]

  • Pedram Attarod 2
چکیده [English]

Recently, the most important topic in water management was to determine the effects of urban forests and green space on partitioning gross rainfall (GR) into the rainfall interception (I), stemflow (SF), and throughfall (TF). The main aim of this research was to quantify the seasonal variations [Growing Season (GS), and Non-Growing Season (NGS)]) in I by individual Fraxinus rotundifolia trees in the Chitgar Forest Park located in a semiarid climate zone of Iran. From the September 2012 to September 2013, GR and TF were collected through 6 and 12 rain-gauges, respectively. I was calculated as the difference between GR and TF. Fifty rainfall events were recorded and the cumulative GR was measured 156.0 mm. Over the study period, GS, and NGS, I ranged 19.4%, 23.0%, and 16.2%, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between I and GR over study period (R= 0.862), GS (R= 0.862), and NGS (R= 0.950) (p<0.01). Over the study period, GS, and NGS the percent of the relatives interceptions (I:GR)% were estimated to be 46.6%, 49.3%, and 41.6%, respectively. T-test suggested that there were significant differences between the (I:GR)% values at the different seasons (p<0.01). The selection of trees with the lower I values for plantation coupling with transpiration of selected trees should be considered to increase the higher amounts of net rainfall (NR) in semiarid and arid regions where water availability is a limiting factor for plantations growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fraxinus rotundifolia
  • Rainfall interception
  • semiarid climate
  • seasonal variability
  • Water Resource Management

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