میزان افت چوب و کاهش ارزش آن طی عملیات قطع درخت و بینه بری (مطالعه موردی: درختان راش و ممرز جنگل خیرود)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ‏ارشد مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

میزان ضایعات چوب و کاهش کیفیت و ارزش آن، در رابطه با عملیات قطع درخت و بینه‌بری دو گونۀ راش و ممرز و نوع صدمه در بخش نمخانۀ جنگل آموزشی ـ پژوهشی خیرود مطالعه شد. برای محاسبۀ افت چوب بر اثر قطع و انداختن درخت و بینه‏بری در بخش قطع و انداختن درخت در مجموع 250 اصله درخت، و در بخش بینه‏بری در مجموع 167 عدد گرده‏بینه از گونه‏های راش و ممرز به‌صورت تصادفی بررسی و اندازه‏گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که از کل حجم قطع‌شده در بین تمام گونه‏ها، 5/42 متر مکعب (9 درصد) و در بخش بینه‏بری 05/16 متر مکعب (3/10 درصد) چوب دچار انواع درجه‏های صدمه شدند. بیشتر صدمات مشاهده‌شده در چوب بر اثر عملیات قطع در این بررسی مربوط به شکاف و پارگی طولی است که حدود 46 درصد افت را شامل می‏شود. میزان افت از نوع ارتفاع زیاد کنده 3 درصد، شکستگی و خردشدگی 27 درصد، و افت جداشدگی ورقه‏ای 24 درصد شده است. میزان افت از نوع شکاف طولی گرده‏بینه صفر، جداشدگی ورقه‏ای 8/1 درصد، و خطای اندازه‏گیری 8/20 درصد شده است. بیشترین افت کیفی چوب از نوع شکاف و پارگی طولی برابر با 52/46 درصد و کمترین افت از نوع ارتفاع بیش از حد کنده 66/1 درصد است. بقیۀ گروه‏های افت که شامل شکستگی و خردشدگی و صدمه به‌صورت جداشدگی ورقه‏ای‌اند به‌ترتیب 33/21 درصد و 5/30 درصد از کل افت کیفی چوب بر اثر عملیات قطع را شامل می‏شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Harvested Log Damage Associated with Motor-Manual Tree Felling and Bucking (Case Study: Beech and Hornbeam trees in Kheyrud Forest)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Ghorbani 1
  • Meghdad Jourgholami 2
1 MSc. Student, Forest Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R.Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R.Iran
چکیده [English]

The log damage and value loss were examined by felling and bucking function, species, and damage type, in Kheyrud Forest in Namkhaneh district in the Hyrcanian Forest of Iran. In order to calculate the wood value following tree felling and bucking, 250 trees and 167 logs consisting of beech and hornbeam species were measured. There were five types of damage recorded following the tree felling operations: split damage, stump height, slab damage, splintering or breakage damage and no damage. Results showed that the total volume of damaged logs was 42.5 cubic meters (9%) for all trees. The majority of woody tissue damage is caused by splits, slab and splintering or breakage damage. Stump height consists of a small amount of volume loss. Also There were four types of damage recorded the effects of bucking operations: slab damage, log length split, measurement error and without damage. The total volume of damaged logs was 16.1 cubic meters (10.3%) for all logs. The majority of woody tissue damage consists of the measurement error. Slab and Log length split caused a small amount of volume loss. Value loss associated with splits was 46.52%, and value loss associated with high stump was 1.66%. Slabs and Splintering or breakage damage caused a small amount of average volume loss per damaged log which were 30.5 and 21.33%, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • bucking
  • Forest harvesting
  • log damage
  • tree felling
  • wood loss

مراجع

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