رفتار ذخیره‏ای و حساسیت به خشکی بذرهای سیاه کرکو (Acer Monspessulanum Sub. Turcomanicum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گرگان، گرگان

3 استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف شناخت رفتار ذخیره‌ای، حساسیت به خشکی، و اثر رطوبت داخلی بذر بر صفات جوانه‌زنی و خصوصیات اولیۀ بذر و نونهال‌های حاصلۀ بذرهای سیاه‌ کرکو انجام شده است. بذور سالم و رسیدۀ درختان افرا‌ کرکو از درۀ زرین‌گل علی‌آباد استان گلستان در دامنۀ ارتفاعی 500 تا 1100 متری از سطح دریا و با رطوبت اولیۀ 46 درصد جمع‌آوری و برای غلبه بر خواب بذر به مدت شش ماه استراتیفه شدند؛ سپس برای تشکیل 9 سطح رطوبتی شامل رطوبت 45 (شاهد)، 40، 35، 30، 25، 20، 15، 10، و 5 درصد در مجاورت مادۀ رطوبت‌گیر سیلیکاژل و در دمای 25 درجۀ‌ سانتی‌گراد قرار گرفته و پس از 24 ساعت آبنوشی با استفاده از طرح فاکتوریل کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار به‌مدت 30 روز در ژرمیناتور  کاشته و بذور جوانه‌زده هر روز شمارش شدند. نتایج نشان داد بذرهای افرا‌ کرکو دارای رفتار ذخیره‌ای حد واسط‌اند. حد آستانه، حد بحرانی، و حد کشندۀ رطوبت داخلی بذر این گونه به‌ترتیب 40، 20، و 5 درصد بوده و با کاهش رطوبت داخلی، صفات جوانه‌زنی بذر (ظرفیت حیاتی، سرعت، ارزش، انرژی، درصد جوانه‌زنی، و شاخص بنیۀ بذر)، و خصوصیات اولیۀ نونهال‌ها (وزن خشک ساقه‌چه و ریشه‌چه و طول گیاهچه) کاهش می‌یابد. با بررسی این تحقیق پایه‏ای مشخص می‏شود که بذور این گونه قابلیت نگه‌داری بلند‌مدت ندارند. برای به‌دست‌آوردن نهال بذری با ویژگی‌های مطلوب نباید رطوبت بذر این گونه در زمان کاشت، از حد آستانۀ 40 درصد کمتر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Storage Behavior and Desiccation Sensitivity of Seeds in Acer monspessulanum L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghafar Salvati 1
  • Vahideh Payamnoor 2
  • Mohammad Reza Kavosi 3
  • Alireza Ali-Arab 3
1 M Sc. Student of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I.R. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I.R. Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out in order to study of effect desiccation sensitivity and seed moisture content (SMC) on primary features of seed and seedlings of A. monspessulanum sub. turcomanicum with aim to determine seed storage behavior. Pure and ripe seeds were collected from valley Zarrin gol of Alli- Abad city located with Golestsn province in elevations of 500 to 1100 meter above sea level, with initial moisture content 46%. Seeds were stratified for six months to overcome the seed dormancy and in order to creation 9 level moisture content consist of 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10% and 5%, seeds were dried near silica gel in 25°C. All dried seeds imbibed in water for 24 h and incubated under optimum growth condition sow for 30 days using a complete randomized factorial design, with 4 replications. Characteristics of emerged seedlings were recorded every day. Results showed that A. monspessulanum shows intermediate seed storage behavior and threshold water content (TWC), critical water content (CWC), and lethal water content (LWC) get 40%, 20% and 5% for this species. Also with reduce moisture content lead to reduce seed viability, germination percentage, germination speed, germination value, germination energy and vigor index and primary features seedlings consist of length seedling, radical biomass and stem biomass. This study was a basic research and defines that the seeds of this species are not capable of long-term maintenance. To obtain the seedlings with desired characteristics moisture content should not be less than the threshold 40% at planting time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • A. monspessulanum
  • germination characteristics
  • storage behavior

مراجع

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