The effect of some chemical elicitors and neem tree extract (Azadirachta indica Jussieu) application on systemic induce resistance of oak trees (Quercus brantii Lindl.) to pathogens

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc. Student of Forestry, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural resources, Yasouj University, I. R. Iran.

2 Assoc., Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural resources, Yasouj University, I. R. Iran.

10.22059/jfwp.2022.335805.1199

Abstract

Systemic induce resistance (SIR) is one of the mechanisms for increasing resistance to pests and pathogens in plants. The plant defense system against environmental stress can increase by some chemical elicitors. For this purpose, we used different concentrations of elicitors including salicylic acid, phosphite potassium, leaf extract of neem, two isolates of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), imidacloprid pesticide. Then, growth inhibition of all treatments were investigated on both fungal (Biscogniauxia mediterranea) and bacterial (Brenneria sp.) pathogens under in vitro conditions. Also, the effect of these elicitors was examined on Quercus brantii trees with declined crown in the forest. After three weeks, some physiological traits of trees such as relative water content and membrane leakage of leaf, chlorophyll and photosystem efficiency were measured. Results of Duncan's mean comparison showed that by increasing elicitors’ concentration, their growth inhibition against fungal and bacterial pathogens was significantly increased. The lowest effect of the growth inhibition was observed for two isolates of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Trees treated with neem extract, phosphite potassium, and imidacloprid pesticides could significantly reduce membrane leakage compared with the control (treated with water), and also the maximum photosystem efficiency of these treatments and salicylic acid were increased. The results indicate that the positive effects of all used natural chemicals in this study in controlling oak decline which can be used against pest and pathogen instead of chemical pesticides such as imidacloprid.

Keywords

References

[1]. Zolfaghari, R., Karimi, Z., Dalvand, F., Abdollahi, M., and Fayyaz, P. (2018). Interactive effect of water deficit and bacterial pathogen Brenneria quercinia pathogen on leaf and stomata morphology in offspring of healthy and declined trees of Quercus brantii Lindl. Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 25(1): 133-148.
[2]. Mir Abolfathi, M. (2013). Outbreak of charcoal disease on Quercus spp and Zelkova carpinifolia trees in forests of Zagros and Alborz mountains in Iran. Iranian journal of plant pathology, 49(2): 257-263.
[3]. Moradi‐Amirabad, Y., Rahimian, H., Babaeizad, V., and Denman, S. (2019). Brenneria spp. and Rahnella victoriana associated with acute oak decline symptoms on oak and hornbeam in Iran. Forest Pathology, 49, e12535.
[4]. Buonaurio, R., Iriti, M., and Romanazzi, G. (2009). Induced resistance to plant diseases caused by Oomycetes and Fungi. Petria, 19: 130-148.
[5]. Chen, Z., Silva, H., and Klessig, D.F. (1993). Active oxygen species in the induction of plant systemic acquired resistance by salicylic acid. Science, 262: 1883–1886.
[6]. Koo, Y.M., Heo, A.Y., and Choi, H.W. (2020). Salicylic acid as a safe plant protector and growth regulator. Plant Patholology Journal, 36(1): 1-10.
[7]. Tahir, H.A.S., Sahi, Sh.T. Habib, A., Haq, I.U., Ahmad, A., and Ashraf, W. (2016). Evaluation of plant extracts as biocontrol agents against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri the cause of citrus canker. Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology, 28(1): 35-43.
[8]. Shearer, B.L., Fairman, R.G., and Grant, M. J. (2006). Effective concentration of phosphite in controlling Phytophthora cinnamomi following stem injection of Banksia species and Eucalyptus marginata. Forest Pathology, 36(2): 119-135.
[9]. Eshraghi, L.E., Anderson, J., Aryamanesh, N., Shearer, B., McComb, J., Hardy, G. S., and O’Brien, P.A. (2011). Phosphite primed defence responses and enhanced expression of defence genes in Arabidopsis thaliana infected with Phytophthora cinnamomi. Plant Pathology, 60(6): 1086-1095.
[10]. Kurth, F., Mailänder, S., Bönn, M., Feldhahn, L., Herrmann, S., Große, I., Buscot, F., Schrey, S.D., and Tarkka, M.T. (2014). Streptomyces-induced resistance against oak powdery mildew involves host plant responses in defense, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolism pathways. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 27(9): 891-900.
[11]. Domenech, J., Ramos-Solano, B., and Probanza, A. (2003). (Bacillus spp.) and Pisolithus tinctorius effects on (Quercus ilex ssp). ballota: a study on tree growth, rhizosphere community structure and mycorrhizal infection. Forest Ecology and Management, 194: 293-303.
[12]. Zolfaghari, R., Rezaei, K., Fayyaz, P., Naghiha, R., and Namvar, Z. (2021). The effect of indigenous phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on Quercus brantii seedlings under water stress. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 40(7): 733-747.
[13]. Harrell, M. (2006). Imidacloprid concentrations in green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) following treatments with two trunk-injection methods. Arboriculture and Urban Forestry, 32(3): 126.
[14]. Gerami, Sh., Heidari, A., Talebi Jahrom, K., Ashori, A., and Rasoulian, Gh. (1386). Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the life-table parameters of Aphis gossypii (Hom: Aphididae). Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, 75(1): 67-80.
[15]. Gholamnezhad, J., Sanjarian, F., Mohammadi goltapeh, E., Safaei, N., Safaie, N., and Razavi, K. (2016). Study of defense genes expression profile pattern of wheat in response to infection by Mycosphaerella graminicola, Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 8(30): 43-55.
[16]. Fernandez‐Escobar, R., Gallego, F.J., Benlloch, M., Membrillo, J., Infante, J., and De Algaba, A.P. (1999). Treatment of oak decline using pressurized injection capsules of antifungal materials. European Journal of Forest Pathology, 29(1): 29-38.
[17]. Garbelotto, M., Schmidt, D.J., and Harnik, T.Y. (2007). Phosphite injections and bark application of phosphite+ Pentrabark™ control sudden oak death in coast live oak. Arboriculture and Urban Forestry, 33(5): 309-317.
[18]. Percival, G.C., and Haynes, I. (2008). The influence of systemic inducing resistance chemicals for the control of oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides) applied as a therapeutic treatment. Urban Forest, 34: 271-279.
[19]. Marion, D.F., Larew, H.G., Knodel, J.J., and Natoli, W. (1990). Systemic activity of neem extract against the birch leafminer. Journal of Arboriculture, 16: 12-16.
[20]. Breuer, M., and Loof, A.D. (1998). Meliaceous plant preparations as potential insecticides for control of the oak processionary, Thaumetopoea processionea (L.)(Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae). 50th international symposium on crop protection, Gent, Belgium, 5 May.
[21]. Ramezani, M., Karimi Abdolmaleki, M., Shabani, S., and Dehestani, A. (2017). The role of potassium phosphite in chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters of downy mildew-challenged cucumber Cucumis sativus plants. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 50(17-18): 927-940.
[22]. Possingham, J.V. (1980). Plastid replication and development in the life cycle of higher plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 31: 113–129.
Forest and Wood Products
Volume 75, Issue 3
December 2022
Pages 255-265

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics