Investigation of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of oak trees (Quertcus sp.) in the Northern Forests of Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Due to the special position of mycorrhizal fungi in improving the physiological status of host plants and increasing their resistance to environmental stresses, this study was conducted to explain the mycorrhizal symbiosis of oak trees in northern forest of Iran and their biological effects on Q. castaneifolia. In order to identify mycorrhizal fungi associated with oak trees, mycorrhizal root tips of hosts were collected and then the fungal ITS regions were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences was performed by Bayesian method. A total of 217 root systems were collected from the studied habitats and 49 taxa from ectomycorrhizal fungi (13 genera) and 4 taxa of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( Acaulospora and Glomus) were identified among them. the symbiosis of Q. castaneifolia plantlets with Glomus mosseae and Hebeloma sinapizans were performed. Measurement of physiological characteristics, growth and water status of the inoculated plant in comparison with the control plant showed that the development of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis on oak plantlets significantly increased stem biomass, leaf biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll and also improved seedlings water content; However, there was no evidence of a significant positive effect of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Q. castaneifolia plantlets. Therefore, considering the improvement of water status, increase of growth and biomass and modification of physiological characteristics of the plant inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungus, establishing this symbiosis can be introduced as a more appropriate approach to increase the success of planting in Q. castaneifolia forests restoration programs.

Keywords

References

[1]. Spatafora, J. W., Chang, Y., Benny, G. L., Lazarus, K., Smith, M. E., Berbee, M. L., Bonito, G., Corradi, N., Grigoriev, I., Gryganskyi, A., James, T. Y., O’Donnell, K., Roberson, R. W., Taylor, T. N., Uehling, J., Vilgalys, R., White, M. M., and Stajich, J. E. (2016). A phylum-level phylogenetic classification of Zygomycete fungi based on genome-scale data. Mycologia, 108(5): 1028-1046.
[2]. Domínguez Núñez, J. A., Planelles González, R., Rodríguez Barreal, J. A., and Saiz de Omeñaca González, J. A. (2008). Effect of Tuber melanosporum Vitt. mycorrhization on growth, nutrition, and water relations of Quercus petraea Liebl., Quercus faginea Lamk., and Pinus halepensis Mill. seedlings. New Forests, 35(2):159-171.
[3]. Allen, C.D., Macalady, A.K., Chenchouni H., Bachelet, D., McDowell, N., Vennetier, M., Kizberger, T., Rigling, A., Breshears, D.D., Hogg, E.H., Gonzalez, P., Fensham, R., Zhang, Z., Castro, J., Demidova, N., Lim, J.H., Allard, G., Running, S.W., Semerci, A., and Cobb, N. (2010). A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 259: 660–684.
[4]. Sabeti, H. (1994). Forests, trees and shrubs of Iran. University of Yazd, Iran, p 810. (In Persian).
[5]. Gardes, M., and Bruns, T.D. (1993). ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes– application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Molecular Ecology, 2: 113-118.
[6]. Renker, C., Heinrichs, J., Kaldorf M., and Buscot F. (2003). Combining nested PCR and restriction digest of the internal transcribed spacer region to characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on roots from the field. Mycorrhiza, 13: 191–198.
[7]. Wang, H., Parent, S., Gosselin, A., and Desjardins, Y. (1993). Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal peat-based substrates enhance symbiosis establishment and growth of three micropropagated species. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 118(6): 896-901.
[8]. Kapoor, R., Sharma, D., and Bhatnagar, A. K. (2008). Arbuscular mycorrhizae in micropropagation systems and their potential applications. Scientia Horticulturae, 116: 227-239.
[9]. Oh, K.I., Melville, L.H., and Peterson, R.L. (1995). Comparative structural study of Quercus serrata and Q. acutissima formed by Pisolithus tinctorius and Hebeloma cylindrosporum. Trees, 9(3): 171-179.
[10]. Repac, I. (2011). Ectomycorrhizal inoculum and inoculation techniques. In: Rai, R., and Varma, A. (Eds.), Diversity and biotechnology of ectomycorrhizae. Soil Biology Series. Springer, Berlin, pp 43-63.
[11]. Zamani, S.M., Mohammadi Goltapeh, M., Safaei N., and Pedram, M. (2018). Diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi recovered from the roots of oak trees in northern forests of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 26(3): 291-305.
[12]. Toju, H., Yamamoto, S., Sato, H., Tanabe, A., Gilbert, G., and Kadowaki, K. (2013). Community composition of root-associated fungi in a Quercus-dominated temperate forest: “codominance” of mycorrhizal and root-endophytic fungi. Ecology and Evolution, 3:1281–1293.
[13]. Oehl, F., Sykorova, Z., Blaszkowski, J., Sanchez-Castro, I., Coyne, D., Tchabi, A. Lawouin, L., Hountondji, F.C.C., and DaSilva, G.A. (2011). Acaulospora sieverdingii, an ecologically diverse new fungus in the Glomeromycota, described from lowland temperate Europe and tropical West Africa. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 84 (1): 47-53.
[14]. Kruger, M., Krüger, C., Walker, C., Stockinger, H., and Schüßler, A. (2012). Phylogenetic reference data for systematics and phylotaxonomy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from phylum to species-level. New Phytologist, 193: 970-984.
[15]. Dickie, I.A., Koide, R.T., and Fayish, A.C. (2001). Vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal infection of Quercus rubra seedlings. New Phytologist, 151: 257–264.
[16]. Watson, G.W., von der Heide-Spavka, K.G., and Howe, V.K. (1990). Ecological significance of endo-ectomycorrhiza in the oak sub-genus Erythrobalanus. Arboriculture Journal, 14: 107–116.
[17]. Rothwell, F.M., Hacskaylo, E., and Fisher, D. (1983). Ecto- and endomycorrhizal fungus associations with Quercus imbricaria L. Plant and Soil, 71: 309–312.
[18]. Ocampo, J.A., Martin, J., and Hayman, D.S. (1980). Influence of plant interactions on vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal infections. I. Host and nonhost plants grown together. New Phytologist, 84: 27 –35.
[19]. Harrison, M.J. (2005). Signaling in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Annual Review of Microbiology, 59: 19–42.
[20]. Correa, A., Strasser, R., and Martins-Loucao, M. (2006). Are mycorrhiza always beneficial? Plant Soil, 279: 65-73.
Forest and Wood Products
Volume 74, Issue 3
December 2021
Pages 331-343

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics