Analysis of forest cover structure and regeneration patterns of tree and shrub species in the Iran-Turanian ecosystem (Case study: Jaishabad Area, Tarom)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Forests and Rangelands Research Section, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran.

10.22059/jfwp.2025.397154.1350

Abstract

The natural regeneration of woody species, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems, is a key indicator of ecosystem dynamics and sustainability. This study evaluated the regeneration status of tree and shrub species in a representative habitat of the Irano-Turanian region—the Jishabad site in Tarom County—during 2021–2023. Four 100 m² square plots were established using a systematic-random design. In each plot, data on species identity, height, crown diameter, vitality, and age class were recorded. The identified species included Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb., Cerasus microcarpa (Boiss. & C.A. Mey.), Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Koehne, and Lonicera nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach. Results indicated that species composition remained relatively stable over the three-year period. Cerasus microcarpa regenerated in all plots and years, reflecting its high regenerative capacity under local ecological conditions. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in regeneration density among plots (P<0.05). The highest density occurred in Plot 3 (36% slope, southwest aspect), while the lowest was observed in Plot 4 (26% slope, southwest aspect), highlighting the combined influence of slope and aspect on regeneration success. The vertical distribution of individuals confirmed a conspecific pattern in vegetation structure. All regeneration was seed-origin and occurred mostly near nurse plants, such as mature J. excelsa, emphasizing the positive role of overstory trees in facilitating seedling establishment.

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References

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Forest and Wood Products
Volume 78, Issue 3
November 2025
Pages 305-320

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