پایش تأثیر سه دهه تغییرات مؤلفه‌های ساختاری بر موجودی کربن روز‌مینی جنگل‌های تیروم‌رود شمال ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه جنگلداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، ایران.

10.22059/jfwp.2026.402368.1372

چکیده

در مقیاس جهانی، پایش زمانی تغییرات تنوع گونه‌ای، مؤلفه‌های ساختاری و پیامدهای مدیریتی و بررسی تأثیر آنها بر موجودی کربن روزمینی (AGCS) در مواجهه با تغییرات اقلیمی و کاهش تنوع زیستی ضروری است. به این منظور، 31 قطعه‌نمونة 10 آری در توده‌های مدیریت‌شده (تک‌گزینی) و مدیریت‌نشده (شاهد) انتخاب و روند تغییرات شاخص‌های تنوع (غنا (S)، شانون-وینر (Hs) و یکنواختی سیمپسون (Se) و ویژگی‌های ساختاری (تراکم در هکتار (SDha)، ضریب تغییرات قطر برابر سینه (CVD)، ارتفاع (CVH) و سطح رویة زمینی (CVBA)) طی سه دهه (1382، 1392 و 1402) مقایسه شدند. مدل‌های رگرسیون چندگانه (MLRs) و مدل‌های معادلات ساختاری (SEMs) برای بررسی تأثیر مؤلفه‌های ساختاری و متغیرهای فیزیوگرافی درختان بر AGCS جنگل‌های تیروم‌رود شهرستان تنکابن استان مازندران به‌کار رفتند. نتایج نشان داد که AGCS، تولیدO2  و جذب CO2 توده‌های مدیریت‌نشده ضمن افزایش در طی سه دهه، نسبت به توده‌های مدیریت‌شده بالاتر بود. شاخص‌  Sدهة 1382، AGCS و شاخص‌ Se دهه‌های 1392 و 1402، CVD و CVBA دهة 1402 و CVH دهة 1392 توده‌های مدیریت‌شده و مدیریت‌نشده، تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند. نتایج تحلیل واریانس آمیخته حاکی از تأثیر معنی‌دار نوع مدیریت بر AGCS، شاخص S، شاخص Se، CVD و CVBA بود. نتایج MLRs و SEMs در توده‌های مدیریت‌شده و مدیریت‌نشده بیانگر اثرات منفی و معنی‌دار شاخص Se و مثبت و معنی‌دار SDha بر AGCS بود. بنابراین، اجرای اصولی شیوة تک‌گزینی به‌دلیل الگوبرداری از شرایط تخریب طبیعی در مقیاس کوچک، روشی مناسب برای حفظ و ارتقای تنوع گونه‌ای جنگل‌های شمال کشور است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Monitoring the three decades of stand structural dynamics and its effects on aboveground carbon stock across Tiromrood forests of Northeast Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadsadegh Rahimian
  • Kambiz Taheri Abkenar
  • Maryam Kazempour Larsary
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran.
چکیده [English]

On a global scale, monitoring changes in species diversity and structural components over time, as well as the consequences of management practices and their effects on aboveground carbon stock (AGCS), is essential to mitigate or even halt climate change and biodiversity loss. To achieve this aim, 31 plots of 1000 m² were established in managed (single-tree selective logging) and unmanaged (control) stands and were compared in terms of temporal trends in diversity indices (i.e., species richness (S), Shannon–Wiener diversity (Hs), and Simpson’s evenness (Se)) and structural components (i.e., stand density per hectare (SDha), coefficient of variation of diameter at breast height (CVD), height (CVH), and basal area (CVBA)) across three decades (2004, 2014, and 2024). Multiple linear regression models (MLRs) and structural equation models (SEMs) were developed to investigate the effects of changes in stand structural components and tree physiographical variables on AGCS in the Tyromroad forest of Mazandaran Province. The results showed that AGCS, O₂ production, and CO₂ absorption in unmanaged stands increased over the three decades (2004–2024) and were higher than those in managed stands. The S index in 2004, AGCS and the Se index in 2014 and 2024, as well as CVD and CVBA in 2024 and CVH in 2014, showed significant differences between managed and unmanaged stands. According to mixed ANOVA results, management strategy had a significant effect on AGCS, the S index, the Se index, CVD, and CVBA. The MLR and SEM results for both managed and unmanaged stands indicated a significant negative effect of the Se index and a significant positive effect of SDha on AGCS. Therefore, the technically appropriate implementation of the single-tree selective logging method, by simulating natural degradation processes at a small scale, appears to be a suitable approach for species diversity conservation and enrichment in the northern forests of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aboveground carbon stock
  • Selective logging
  • Species diversity
  • Structural diversity

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نشریه جنگل و فرآورده های چوب
دوره 78، شماره 4
بهمن 1404
صفحه 347-365

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