بررسی خواص فنی و میزان انتشار فرمالدهید از پانل‌های تخته ‌خرده چوب دارای گروه عاملی تیوکاربامید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه سلولزی و بسته‌بندی، پژوهشکدة شیمی و پتروشیمی، پژوهشگاه استاندارد، کرج، ایران.

10.22059/jfwp.2025.398562.1356

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر استفاده از برخی جاذب‌های جدید بر خواص فیزیکی، مکانیکی و میزان انتشار فرمالدهید تخته‌خرده چوب ساخته شده با رزین اوره فرمالدهید انجام شد. برای انجام این پژوهش، سه جاذب مختلف دارای گروه عاملی تیوکاربامید، به نام­ های تیواوره، تیواستامید، و تیوسمی کاربازید در سطوح بارگذاری 2، 4 و 6 درصد (وزنی) براساس وزن خشک رزین، به اوره فرمالدهید اضافه شدند. تمام تخته‌ خرده چوب­ ها در شرایط آزمایشگاهی تولید شدند. سرانجام خواص فیزیکی، مکانیکی و میزان انتشار فرمالدهید نمونه ­ها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. همچنین به‌منظور مطالعة تأثیر گروه­ های عاملی مادة جاذب بر فرمالدهید، از طیف‌سنج مادون قرمز (FTIR) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد مقدار فرمالدهید آزاد شده از پانل ­های تخته خرده چوب با افزودن مقدار مادة جاذب به­طور قابل توجهی کاهش می‌یابد. کمترین میزان انتشار فرمالدهید به‌ترتیب در نمونه‌های حاوی تیوسمی کاربازید (0/42 میلی­ گرم در لیتر)، و پس از آن در تیواوره (0/46 میلی­ گرم در لیتر) و تیواستامید (0/49 میلی­ گرم در لیتر) در سطح بارگذاری، شش درصد مشاهده شد. مقدار فرمالدهید آزاد شده از نمونه­ های شاهد، معادل 0/71 میلی­ گرم در لیتر گزارش شد. یافته ­های حاصل از ارزیابی خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی نشان داد استحکام مکانیکی شامل مقاومت خمشی، مدول الاستیسیته و چسبندگی داخلی نمونه­ ها با افزودن مادة جاذب کاهش می ­یابد، در حالی­که جذب آب و واکشیدگی ضخامت افزایش می ­یابد. با استناد به نتایج به ­دست آمده می­توان گفت استفاده از پانل­های تخته خرده چوب در تمام تیمارهای مورد مطالعه برای مصارف داخل ساختمان و شرایط خشک (P2)، مطابق الزامات فنی تعریف شده در استاندارد EN 312 می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of technical characteristics and formaldehyde emission from particleboard panels with thiocarbamide functional group

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behzad Kord
  • Farnaz Movahedi
  • Mehdi Roohani
Cellulosic Materials and Packaging Research Group, Research Center of Chemistry and Petrochemistry, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study focused on the influence of several novel scavengers on the physical, mechanical, and formaldehyde emission properties of particleboards produced with urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin. Three different scavengers with thiocarbamide functional groups—thiourea, thioacetamide, and thiosemicarbazide—were incorporated into the UF resin at 2%, 4%, and 6% (by weight) loading levels based on the oven-dried weight of the resin. All single-layer particleboards were produced under laboratory conditions. The formaldehyde emission, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond strength (IB), water absorption, and thickness swelling of the specimens were determined according to relevant standards. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the effect of the scavengers’ functional groups on formaldehyde reduction. The results indicated that formaldehyde emission from the particleboard panels decreased significantly with increasing scavenger content. The lowest formaldehyde emission was observed in specimens containing thiosemicarbazide (0.42 mg/L), followed by thiourea (0.46 mg/L) and thioacetamide (0.49 mg/L) at a 6 wt% loading level. The formaldehyde emission of the control samples was 0.71 mg/L. Evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties showed that mechanical strength parameters—including MOR, MOE, and IB—decreased with increasing scavenger content, while water absorption and thickness swelling increased. Based on the results, all treatments met the requirements for particleboards intended for interior fitments for use in dry conditions (P2 grade) according to the EN 312 standard.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Formaldehyde emission
  • Mechanical properties
  • Particleboard
  • Physical properties
  • Scavengers
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